Assessment of the Performance of Specific Prostate Diagnostic Tools in the Detection of Prostate Cancer among Ghanaian Men
Journal Title: Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research - Year 2016, Vol 17, Issue 2
Abstract
Aims: This study evaluated the individual and combined performances of specific prostate diagnostic tools in the detection of prostate cancer among Ghanaian men. Study Design: A hospital-based cross-sectional prospective study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of surgery (urology unit) Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) from December, 2014 to November 2015. Methodology: A total of 241 patients suspected of having prostate cancer (PCa) due to abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE) and, or elevated prostate specific antigen (PSA) level underwent Trans rectal ultrasonography guided biopsy of the prostate. Evaluation of PSA, Prostate Specific Antigen Density (PSAD), DRE, prostate volume was done using receiver operating characteristics curve analysis These four diagnostic tools were combined into a single score to improve the diagnostic performance. Results: Prostate cancer was diagnosed in 63 patients out of 241 (26.1%). Significantly elevated levels of PSA and PSAD were observed among patients with PCa compared to patients without PCa. PSAD showed better accuracy (AUC= 78.9) followed by PSA (AUC=77.8) and DRE (AUC=68.6) respectively for the individual diagnostic tools. PSAD had sensitivity and specificity of 84.1% and 56.7% respectively. Among the different combination of diagnostic tools, bioscore combination of DRE+PSAD+PSA had better accuracy (AUC=80.6) followed by PSAD+DRE (AUC=78.1) PSA+PSAD+DRE+ Prostate Volume (AUC= 76.7), and for PSAD+PSA (AUC=71.5) respectively. PSA on its own had a sensitivity of 98.4% and specificity of 16.3% respectively. The best statistically significant (p<0.05) odds ratio (OR) for the combination of PSAD+DRE was 33.40 followed by PSA+PSAD at 19.52 and PSA+DRE at 13.67 respectively. Conclusion: Combined diagnostic performance of DRE+PSAD+PSA poses a better diagnostic accuracy. Bioscores for the combination of the diagnostic tools were significantly associated with increasing odds of prostate cancer detection upon logistic regression analysis. Further studies are required to evaluate the combine diagnostic performance in larger population.
Authors and Affiliations
Agyemang-Yeboah Francis, Aboah Kenneth, Gyasi-Sarpong Kofi Christian, Laing Edwin Ferguson, Acheampong Emmanuel, Twumasi Frimpong Benjamin, Odame Anto Enoch, Batu Nsenbah Emmanuella, Amankwaa Bright
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP341963
- DOI -
- Views 48
- Downloads 0
Haematological and Kidney Function Indices of Piliostigma thonningii Leaf Extract Administration Following Pefloxacin Induced Toxicity in Wistar Rats
Aims: The study investigated haematological and kidney function indices of Wistar rats administered Piliostigma thonningii ethanol leaf extract after being induced with therapeutic doses of pefloxacin (400 mg/5 mL). Plac...
Surgical Margins in Breast Cancer: Finally Defined?
It is proven that breast conservative surgery plus radiotherapy is safe and has equivalent results when compared to mastectomy. It is known that positive surgical margins increase the risk of local recurrence. The effect...
Urinary Screening for Detection of Renal Abnormalities in Asymptomatic School Children, Sohag Governorate, Egypt
Background: Dipstick urine analysis is the most common method for screening children for detecting urinary abnormalities. This study is aimed to estimate the frequency of urinary problems among children aged 6-13 years f...
Keep an Eye and an Airway on New Oral Anticoagulants- Spontaneous Retropharyngeal Hematoma in a Patient with Chronic Renal Failure
Spontaneous retropharyngeal hemorrhage can be rapidly fatal, potentially leading to airway obstruction and significant blood loss if not identified and managed promptly. We report a unique case of patient with chronic re...
Anterior Chest Wall Tuberculosis Involving Lungs, Pleura and Lymph Nodes in an Immunocompetent Patient: A Case Report
Aims: The chest wall tuberculosis accounts for 1-5% of all cases of musculoskeletal tuberculosis. Here we are presenting a rare case of anterior chest wall tuberculosis in an immunocompetent patient. Presentation of Case...