Associated Head Injuries and Survival Rate of Patients with Maxillofacial Fractures in RTA
Journal Title: The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine - Year 2018, Vol 71, Issue 6
Abstract
<span>Background: </span><span>Every minute, an accident occurs in KSA, causing 39000 injuries and 7000 deaths annually. Facial trauma or maxillofacial trauma (MFT) is a frequent presentation of RTAs, ranging from simple nasal fractures to gross or severe maxillofacial injuries.<br /> </span><span>Aim: </span><span>This study aims at determining the prevalence of associated head injuries and survival rate of patients with maxillofacial fractures in RTA with respect to age, gender, mortality, the location of skull fracture, brain damage, altered level of consciousness, scalp laceration, and shock.<br /> </span><span>Methodology: </span><span>A total number of 237 patients were included in this prospective study from May 2013 to January 2018. The following medical details were recorded for each case, gender, age, fracture location, the presence of scalp laceration, the presence of brain damage, type of brain damage, shock degree, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), number of units used for blood transfusions for documentation of patient survival rate. We followed up the patients in their first appointment after 21 days of patient discharge from the hospital. </span> <span>Results: </span><span>Majority of the patients were young adults male. 59.1% of patients had cerebral damage. 38% (n=90) of patients had at least, one scalp laceration. 43.5% (n=103) of patients had some degree of shock, while 27.8% of the recruited patients needed at least 1 unit of blood transfusion. 14.3% of the patients died as a result of their injuries, and the survival rate was 85.7%. </span> <span>Conclusion: </span><span>KSA is having a high incidence of RTAs leading to high mortality rate. Therefore, it requires a sound evaluation of the risk factors for RTAs and establishment of guidelines to decrease the incidence of road traffic injuries and reduce healthcare burden. Road safety campaigns focused on young population can help reduce RTAs and subsequent mortalities. Prompt arrival at the hospital, early diagnosis, and timely management of maxillofacial fractures and brain damages by skilled physicians will lower mortality rate in KSA. </span>
Authors and Affiliations
Eman Helal
Keywords
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