Association of Maternal Vitamin C Status with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Journal Title: Journal of Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University - Year 2015, Vol 4, Issue 3
Abstract
Background: The role of antioxidants in the etiology of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been given limited attention. Vitamin C is a nutrient with radical quenching property and has been claimed to influence glucose tolerance. Aim: To study the association between vitamin C status (dietary intake and plasma concentrations) and GDM. Material and Methods: Using a case-control design with 1:3 ratio we examined 42 pregnant women with GDM and 158 normal glucose tolerant (NGT) gestational age-matched healthy pregnant women at an average of 26 weeks of gestation. Maternal vitamin C intake was determined using detailed semi food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ) and 24 hour diet recall. Plasma vitamin C was determined using a spectrophotometric method in non-fasting samples. GDM was diagnosed by 75 gm oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) using International Association for Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group (IADPSG) criteria (fasting ≥92mg%, 1hour ≥180mg%, 2 hour ≥153mg %). Results: GDM women had lower median intake of vitamin C (35.0 mg/day vs. 66.7; p<0.001) and lower median plasma vitamin C concentration (45.9 µmol/L vs. 95.2; p<0.001) compared to NGT women. Plasma vitamin C concentration was inversely related to fasting, 1 hour and 2 hour post glucose plasma glucose concentrations (p<0.001). The associations remained significant after adjustment for age, income, pre-pregnancy BMI, and stress. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that low vitamin C intake as well as low plasma vitamin C concentration is associated with GDM. This association needs to be tested in a large prospective study and subsequently in a clinical trial.
Authors and Affiliations
Hedyeh Masoodi , Trupti Vilas Kamat , Kurus Jhangir Coyaji , Dattatray Shivram Bhat , Kalyanaraman Kumaran , Chitaranjan Sakerlal Yajnik
Keywords
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