Association of Oral Contraceptives and Female Reproductive Tract Carcinomas
Journal Title: Indian Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Research - Year 2018, Vol 7, Issue 2
Abstract
Introduction: Cervical cancer is the 5th most common cancer in humans, third most common cause of deaths due to cancer in women worldwide and the second most common cancer and cancer related deaths in developing countries like India. Relation between cancer risk and OCP use is complicated by a number of other factors; peak incidence of majority of cancers in old age, use of multiple hormonal formulations, existence of many confounding factors like number of pregnancies, age at first pregnancy, number of sexual partners, etc. Material and methods: This was an Analytical cross section-case control study,conducted in the Oncology department of Pravara Rural Hospital, Loni in a 2 months duration. IEC approval was received for this study from our IEC. This study project was approved by Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR), Delhi. Type of sampling was simple random and number of subjects were, 50 as cases and 100as controls, both being same in all regards except OCP use. Results: 2 out of 40 cases and the same number out of 98 controls used OCPs for long term (5-10 years). A risk of 2.38 times was calculated for cervical cancer in individuals who had used OCPs for 5-10 years and is significant. It is seen that on long term OCP use cancer was induced earlier than short term use. Time relationship of around 20-25years was observed with long term use while 31-39 year with short term.100% of the subjects were unaware about any association, only 40% subjects knew about contraceptives. Conclusion: Protection was seen in case of endometrial and ovarian cancer. Long term OCP users are at a risk of developing cervical cancer earlier than short term. They develop cancer after a period of about 20-25 years whereas short term users develop cancer after 31-39 years.
Authors and Affiliations
Ruchi Asawa
Keywords
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