Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder – unifying mechanism involving antioxidant therapy: Phenolics, reactive oxygen species, and oxidative stress
Journal Title: International Journal of Advanced Biochemistry Research - Year 2018, Vol 2, Issue 2
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress (OS) play roles in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), as also in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Dementia, Schizophrenia (SCZ), Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Huntington’s Disease (HD), and Depression. Various sources, including oxidases, serve as generators of ROS-OS, such as mitochondria, NADPH, cytochromes P450, monoamines, ET metal complexes, G72 gene, and microglia. Diverse types of antioxidants (AOs) exert a positive influence on the harmful effects. Methylphenadate (MPH) is a widely favored drug for ADHD; however, there is considerable ROS-OS and AO action is less clear. Nevertheless, a proposal for the AO action is offered. MPH’s dopaminergic action provides additional support for quinone formation, similar to dopamine. There are appreciable numbers of phenol and phenolic ether drugs, as for AD (1) and PD (2). A unifying mechanism based on ET-ROS-OS-AO is involved. Other possible influential aspects are discussed in a multifaceted approach.
Authors and Affiliations
Peter Kovacic, Wil Weston
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP529568
- DOI -
- Views 40
- Downloads 0
Anticancer effect of the ethanol extract of Annona muricata L. leaves and fruit in cancer induced mice
Objective: The present study was carried out to evaluate the anticancer property of ethanol extract of Annona muricata L. Leaves and fruit against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in Swiss albino mice. Materials and Methods: Th...
Amino Acids: Its types and uses
Amino acids are the organic compounds which contain amine (-NH2) and carboxyl (-COOH) functional groups, along with a side chain (R group) which is unique to each amino acid. In this paper, there is a description on how...
Pattern of inbreeding in thalassemia affected families resident in Tuman Leghari district Dera ghazi khan
The inbred marriages are highly acceptable in many populations of human beings but their prevalence and configuration vary depending on ethnicity, religious conviction, learning and socioeconomic circumstances of relevan...
Synthesis of cinnamyl alcohol acetate in a static lipase bioreactor at room temperature
To make the synthesis of cinnamyl acetate not only green but also low energy consumption, absorbent cotton was taken as an immobilized material to prepare the immobilized Pseudomonas fluorescens lipase in a column glass...
Evaluated some of side effects of methotrexate's administration through Freund's complete adjuvant induced arthritis in rat model
The present study aimed to evaluate some of side effects of methotrexate adminstration (MTX) in the treatment of complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritis. Thirty Wistar male rats weighing 180-200 g were divided...