Autism Spectrum DisordersAetiopathogenesis
Journal Title: Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research - Year 2018, Vol 12, Issue 7
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are characterised by a range of clinical features that can vary from individual to individual in both degree of severity and variability of the clinical presentation. The aetiology or causation of ASD has been a widely debated issue for several decades; however, the exact cause of autism is still unknown. Research has suggested that ASD may be caused by genetic and/or environmental factors. Among those, children with low genetic susceptibility, some maternal and obstetric factors have an independent role in autism aetiology, whereas among genetically susceptible children, these factors appear to play a lesser role. It was observed that there is an increased risk of ASD due to: (i) advanced maternal age; (ii) advanced paternal age; (iii) duration of gestation; (iv) intrapartum hypoxia; and (v) birth weight. Recent evidence also suggests potential links of immune dysfunction, dietary, metabolic and gastrointestinal factors.
Authors and Affiliations
Babu George, ML Leena, MKC Nair
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP524609
- DOI 10.7860/JCDR/2018/36431.11751
- Views 63
- Downloads 0
Evaluation of Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Autoantibodies and C-Reactive Protein in Common Autoimmune Skin Diseases with and without Arthritis
Introduction: Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptides (CCPs) are a well known diagnostic and prognostic noble marker for rheumatoid arthritis. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is an acute phase protein whose level rises in response t...
Effect of Different Composite Restorations on the Cuspal Deflection of Premolars Restored with Different Insertion Techniques- An In vitro Study
Introduction: This study was conducted to assess the effect of different composite materials on the cuspal deflection of premolars restored with bulk placement of resin composite in comparison to horizontal incremental p...
Imaging Evaluation of Enhancement Patterns of Flat Gall Bladder Wall Thickening and Its Correlation with Clinical and Histopathological Findings
Introduction: Gall bladder Wall Thickening (GWT) is caused by wide spectrum of diseases. Initially Ultrasound (USG) was used as imaging modality for screening of acute abdomen because of its high sensitivity and real tim...
Amyand’s Hernia – Vermiform Appendix in an Inguinal Hernia: A Rare Finding
A variety of surprises may spring up when the sac is opened in an inguinal hernia. Omentum, bowel diverticulum, ovary, fallopian tube, urinary bladder, large bowel, Meckel’s diverticulum or foreign bodies being the varie...
A Comparison of Clinicopathological Differences in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Patients Below and Above 40 Years of Age
Introduction: Recent times have revealed an increase in incidence of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) in young adults including those who lack association with typical risk factors such as tobacco. There are reported...