Awifauna lęgowa stawów rybnych w Rudzie w okresie 1980-2016
Journal Title: KULON - Year 2017, Vol 22, Issue
Abstract
In 1989 and 2016, an intensive survey (11 counts each year) on the number of breeding avifauna of ! sh ponds in Ruda (96 ha) in the valley of the Mienia River in Mińsk district (Mazovian voivodeship) was carried out with the combined cartographic method. In 1989, 29 species were breeding there, while in 2016 – 34; in two seasons these were 37 species, and 26 species were recorded in both years. The number of breeding pairs in those two years reached 249 pairs (25.9 pairs/10 ha) and 357 pairs (37.2 pairs/10 ha), respectively. # e Shannon diversity index was equal to 2.86 in 1989 and 2.67 in 2016. The similarity in the species composition of breeding communities was high (QS=82.5%), yet the similarity index of dominance (Re=67%) and density similarity (PZ=60%) were lower. In 1989, seven species were dominant (at least 5% of the whole community number): Eurasian Coot Fulica atra, Little Grebe Tachybaptus ru! collis, Great Reed Warbler Acrocephalus arundinaceus, Mallard Anas platyrhynchos, Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula, Common Pochard Aythya ferina and Sedge Warbler Acrocephalus schoenobaenus. In 2016, this category was represented by six species: Eurasian Reed Warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus, Eurasian Coot, Great Reed Warbler, Mallard, Common Reed Bunting Schoeniclus schoeniclus and Sedge Warbler. The highest density distinguishing ! sh ponds in Ruda against the Mazovian Lowland were noted in the Eurasian Coot (7.1 pairs/10 ha), Eurasian Reed Warbler (7.5 pairs/10 ha) and Great Reed Warbler (4.6 pairs/10 ha). In the longer term, i.e., during the period that has lasted intermittently for over 3 decades (1980-2016), we monitored the number of 25 species. Majority of these species (11) showed decline in their number; in 9 species we recorded increase in the number, while only one species (Mallard) did not show any clear trend, three species were irregular breeders (Little Ringed Plover, Common Snipe, Sand Martin), and in one species (Eurasian Coot) we observed considerable fuctuations in the number of breeding pairs, yet in extreme years – this number was very similar. In the last decade, the settlement of the studied fish ponds by five species: Gadwall Mareca strepera, Common Goldeneye Bucephala clangula, Goosander Mergus merganser, Common Crane Grus grus and Bearded Reedling Panurus biarmicus was documented, whereas five species stopped breeding there: Eurasian Teal Anas crecca, Red-necked Grebe Podiceps grisegena, Black-necked Grebe Podiceps nigricollis, Black-headed Gull Chroicocephalus ridibundus and Black Tern Chlidonias niger. The changes in the number of most species during 1980-2016 were similar to those reported from ! sh ponds of the central part of the South Podlasie Lowland. The decline in the number of some waterbird species may result from predation pressure of the American mink Neovison vison that has been already noted on most water bodies monitored on the Mazovian Lowland. The occurrence of this species was recorded in 2015.
Authors and Affiliations
Andrzej Dombrowski, Przemysław Stolarz, Jacek Słupek, Romuald Gwardys, Janusz Kozłowski, Paweł Kozłowski
Keywords
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