Bacterial and Fungal Profile of Infectious Keratitis: A Prospective Study
Journal Title: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY - Year 2017, Vol 5, Issue 8
Abstract
Background: Keratitis is the term applied for inflammations of the cornea. Microbial keratitis is a common, potentially vision-threatening ocular infection that may be caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, or parasites. The purpose of the present study is to determine microbial etiology of suppurative keratitis and to identify the risk factors predisposing to corneal infections. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients attending ophthalmology outpatient department and diagnosed with corneal ulcer needing microbiological investigations were included and subjected to microbiological intervention. All patients were subjected to slit-lamp biomicroscopic examination. After detailed ocular examination, corneal scrapings were collected under aseptic conditions. All laboratory methods followed standard protocols and microbial cultures were considered positive only if they fulfil the criteria. Results: Corneal stains were found to be positive in 38 (76%) patients. Corneal cultures were found to be positive in 36 (72%) patients. 18 (36%) patients had bacterial growth, 18 (36%) had fungal growth, and the remaining 14 (28%) were found to be culture negative. That is, the bacterial and fungal infections occurred almost with equal frequency. The predominant bacterial pathogen isolated was Streptococcus Pneumoniae representing 16% followed by Pseudomonas 8%. The predominant fungal pathogens isolated were Aspergillus species (24%) followed by Candida Albicans (8%). The sensitivity of potassium hydroxide staining was almost 100% in culture-proven fungal cases. Trauma is the leading cause for the corneal ulcers, and most of the fungal ulcers are because of trauma due to vegetative matter. Conclusion: Staining efficiently establishes the diagnosis, and therefore, can be used in the management of corneal ulcer to start the prompt treatment as corneal ulcer is a medical emergency. The microbiological profile helps the ophthalmologists to start the specific treatment directed against the causative organisms.
Authors and Affiliations
P A Sedhu, Sheela Sugathan, Archana Pushpakaran, Cyriac Kurian
Keywords
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