Behavioral responses of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by sublethal exposure to chlorpyrifos: a case study in Twin Lakes of West Sumatra
Journal Title: Environmental Health Engineering and Management Journal - Year 2018, Vol 5, Issue 4
Abstract
Background: The most commonly used insecticide by 99.8% farmers in West Sumatra, is chlorpyrifos which contains organophosphates. Chlorpyrifos is used to kill insects and other pests and works as the contact poison, gastric toxins, and inhalation. It is very useful for farmers in keeping the plants such as corn, citrus, peanuts, and so forth. Chlorpyrifos can enter the water body with direct application to control pests or indirectly through either spraying or washing during high rainfall in spray applications for plant leaves. Chlorpyrifos is also used in farming in the region of Twin Lakes (Diatas Lake and Dibawah Lake), West Sumatra, Indonesia. One of the most important fish that is cultivated in this region is Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Methods: The acute toxicity (LC50-96 h) of chlorpyrifos for Nile tilapia in studies was 0.076 mg/L. Sublethal concentrations used for the studies were one-seventh (0.011 mg/L) and one-fourteenth (0.005 mg/L) of the LC50-96 h. The test animal was exposed to the both sublethal concentrations for 1, 7 and 14 days. Behavioral responses were studied in the experimental periods. Tilapia that exposed chlorpyrifos exposure was exhibited irregular body movements, gills and fins motion, mucus secretion, breathing at the surface, and anal excretion. Results: It was revealed that the longer the exposure time, the more visible behavioral changes in fish, as well as the concentration variations, it means that the higher the concentration, the more visible changes in physiological behavior of fish. Correlation values (R) were was 0.75–0.99. Conclusion: These behavioral responses can be used as a tool in biomonitoring program to monitor ecotoxicity risk of chlorpyrifos to the test species, especially in the region of Twin Lakes, West Sumatra, Indonesia.
Authors and Affiliations
Taufiq Ihsan , Tivany Edwin, Winna Anggraeni
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP45330
- DOI 10.15171/EHEM.2018.28
- Views 426
- Downloads 0
First isolation of biodegradable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Mycobacterium porcinum and Mycobacterium celeriflavum from oil-polluted ecosystems
Background: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have detrimental effects on human, ecosystem, and biodiversity. Bioremediation is an option that has been used to remediate and reduce the risk of contaminants such as...
Accomplishment of water safety plan using quality assurance tool in 2020-2021: A case study in a western city of Gilan province, Iran
Background: Water safety plan is a systematic approach to ensure the quality of water delivered to consumers from catchment to consumption. Methods: This study was conducted on the groundwater system of Talesh, Gilan, i...
Optimizing the removal of methylene blue from aqueous solutions using persulfate activated with nanoscale zero valent iron (nZVI) supported by reduced expanded graphene oxide (rEGO)
Background: To remove methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions, nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) predicated on reduced expanded graphene oxide (rEGO) was used as the activator of persulfate. Methods: Scanning electr...
Immobilization of Pb by organic and inorganic phosphate and calcium sources in an acidic Pb-polluted soil amended with cow manure
Background: Chemical stabilization of heavy metals in acidic soil is one of the important points in environmental pollution. Thus, this research was conducted to investigate the effect of organic and inorganic amendmen...
Photocatalytic removal of ciprofloxacin antibiotic from aqueous medium by applying AgI/Ag2O nanocomposite: Activity test, reaction kinetics, and catalyst reusability
Background: This study examined the removal of ciprofloxacin (CIP), which is a very widely used antibiotic, from an aqueous medium by applying AgI/Ag2O photocatalyst under visible light radiation. Methods: AgI/Ag2O was...