Bioactivities of Extracts from Different Marine Organisms around the World (2000 to Present)
Journal Title: Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research (BJSTR) - Year 2017, Vol 1, Issue 7
Abstract
Marine ecosystem covers 70% or more of the earth’s surface. These ecosystems are habitat to a great diversity of marine organisms that produce highly structural diverse metabolites as defense mechanisms [1,2]. Of these marine organisms, invertebrates produce bioactive natural products that may be useful for developing and producing novel drugs [3,4]. Marine invertebrates include several species which cut across different taxa including Porifera, Annelids, Coelenterates (Cnidaria and Ctenophora), Mollusks, Echinoderms and etc. [3,5]. Several studies have already been conducted determining natural products from marine invertebrates and their biological activities and also the biosynthetic studies which lead to revision and modification of their structures [5]. In a study conducted to determine the bioactivity of sterols isolated from marine organisms, it was found out that sterols play as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-HIV, and anticancer activities [6]. Sponges are the most studied marine invertebrate in terms of secondary metabolites. More than 5300 different chemically potent and bioactive substances have been discovered present in sponges and many of these substances have pharmaceutical activities against human diseases like malaria, AIDS, and cancer. These substances are classified as alkaloids, lipids, steroids, and terpenoids and some of these compounds exhibit cytotoxic activities like the polyacetylenic lipid derivatives, glycerol ethers, and linear alcohols. It was also found out that secondary metabolites from sponges are cytotoxic to human gastric tumor cells, KB-16 human cell line, ovarian sarcoma cell line, pancreatic cancer cell line, colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line [4,7]. Several secondary metabolites were also identified to have anti-inflammatory action in human neutrophils and possess inhibitory activities against α-Glucosidase which is important in controlling glucose concentration [7].
Authors and Affiliations
Angelo Mark P Walag
Keywords
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- EP ID EP583249
- DOI 10.26717/BJSTR.2017.01.000600
- Views 155
- Downloads 0
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