Biocontrol potential of Trichoderma harzianum in controlling wilt disease of pistachio caused by Verticillium dahliae
Journal Title: Journal of Plant Protection Research - Year 2017, Vol 57, Issue 2
Abstract
Verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae, is one of the most devastating diseases in pistachio orchards in the world including Iran. In search for an effective non-chemical strategy for the management of this disease, we evaluated the biocontrol potential of Trichoderma harzianum isolates obtained from the rhizosphere of healthy pistachio trees in different locations of the Kerman province of Iran against V. dahliae under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Dual culture tests in the laboratory were conducted in a completely randomized design using 72 T. harzianum isolates. Twenty isolates showed the highest in vitro antagonistic activity. The results indicated that all 20 isolates were capable of inhibiting the mycelial growth of V. dahliae significantly. Among them, isolates Tr8 and Tr19 were the most effective by 88.89% and 85.12% inhibition, respectively. Extracted cell free metabolites of all effective isolates also inhibited the growth of V. dahliae in the culture medium significantly. According to the results, isolates Tr4 and Tr6 inhibited fungal pathogen growth by 94.94% and 88.15% respectively, through production of non-volatile metabolites. In the evaluation of volatile metabolites, isolates Tr5 and Tr4 were the most effective by 26.27% and 24.49% growth inhibition, respectively. Based on the results of the in vitro experiments, the five most effective isolates were selected for evaluation under greenhouse conditions for their biocontrol potential in controlling Verticillium wilt of pistachio. Results of the greenhouse, (in vivo) experiments were positive and indicated that the occurrence of wilt disease in plants treated with the antagonists alone or in combination with pathogenic fungus was lower than in plants inoculated with pathogen alone. The overall results of this study suggest that Trichoderma fungal antagonist may be an effective biocontrol agent for the control of Verticillium wilt of pistachio.
Authors and Affiliations
Zeinab Fotoohiyan, Saeed Rezaee, Gholam Hosein Shahidi Bonjar, Amir Hossein Mohammadi, Mohammad Moradi
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP292852
- DOI 10.1515/jppr-2017-0025
- Views 60
- Downloads 0
A strategy of chemical control of Apera spica-venti L. resistant to sulfonylureas traced on the molecular level
Three populations of silky bent grass (Apera spica-venti L.) were tested – one that is susceptible and two that are resistant to sulfonylureas. This study assessed the efficacy of control by different herbicides in a pot...
Failure control of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) and selectivity of their natural enemies to different insecticides
Control failure of pests and selectivity of insecticides to beneficial arthropods are key data for the implementation of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the contr...
Evaluation of some microbial agents, natural and chemical compounds for controlling tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
Solanaceous plants have a great economic impact in Egypt. These groups of plants include potatoes, tomatoes and eggplants. The new invasive pest of tomatoes, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) causes the greatest crop losses which...
Insecticidal activity of Brassica alba mustard oil against lepidopteran pests Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), Dendrolimus pini (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae), and Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Our research provides novel information concerning the insecticidal activity of Brassica alba mustard oil applied to the intestinal tract via insects’ diet against pests from the order Lepidoptera: Cydia pomonella, Dendr...
Detoxifying enzyme studies on cotton leafhopper, Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Ishida), resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides in field populations in Karnataka, India
The cotton leafhopper (Amrasca biguttula biguttula Ishida) is considered to be an alarming insect pest causing both quantitative and qualitative loss in cotton. In situ bioassay studies were done and the role of detoxify...