BIOMECHANICS OF THE AXEL PAULSEN FIGURE SKATING JUMP
Journal Title: Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism - Year 2018, Vol 25, Issue 2
Abstract
Introduction. Figure skating is a sport discipline requiring a combination of artistic and athletic skills. The triple Axel Paulsen (Axel or A) jump is the most technically difficult jump of all figure skating jumps, which is why it is on the top of the International Skating Union (ISU) Judging System Code of Points (CoP). The purpose of this research was to explore the technical differences between the single Axel (1A), the double Axel (2A), and the triple Axel (3A) and to determine which parameters are the most important for performing the triple Axel successfully, using 3D kinematic analysis. Material and methods. In the study, one Polish elite male junior skater was tested. Following the usual warm-up, the skater performed a series of jumps on the ice, which were recorded. Six jumps of each type were recorded (6 x 1A, 6 x 2A, and 6 x 3A). Three jumps which were the best technically were chosen for further analysis. The APAS 2000 system automatically calculated the centre of gravity of the skater (CG) and generated the kinematic data of each jump. Results. The skater examined jumped higher when he was about to perform more rotations in the jump. The more rotations were to be made, the higher the jump was. Although the difference between the height of 2A and 3A was less than 10% and could not be considered significant, the height of 1A was significantly lower, by over 19%, that the height of the other two jumps. As also shown by previous research, the most substantial differences in the Axel jump technique were visible in the pre-take-off and take-off phases. Conclusions. We observed substantial differences in the movement technique and kinematic parameters of the pre-take-off phase in the triple Axel performance compared to the performance of the other two Axels. It can be assumed that decreasing the ankle joint angle in the pre-take-off phase was most essential in achieving rotations in the Axel jump. This substantial change in ankle flexion caused greater stress on the blade before the take-off, which resulted in a reduction of vertical velocity and enabled an increase in the vertical take-off angle.
Authors and Affiliations
ANNA MAZURKIEWICZ, DAGMARA IWAŃSKA, CZESŁAW URBANIK
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP542311
- DOI 10.2478/pjst-2018-0007
- Views 71
- Downloads 0
AFFECTIVE STATES INFLUENCE SPORT PERFORMANCE IN SWIMMING
Introduction. Sports activity involves experiencing affective states, which have a substantial effect on actions taken by the athlete. The results of previous studies on the relationship between emotional states and spor...
EFFECTS OF VERBAL FEEDBACK ON MOVEMENT EFFICIENCY DURING SWIMMING ERGOMETRY
Introduction. The aim of the study was to ascertain the physiological effects of verbal feedback on changes in the movement efficiency of a dry-land swimming ergometry task (butterfly stroke). Material and methods. The s...
EXAMINING THE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG ANTECEDENTS OF BEHAVIOURAL INTENTIONS IN ADVENTURE SPORTS CONTEXT
Introduction. This study aims to examine the structural relationships between value, satisfaction, and behavioural intentions among adventure sports trainees through Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling (PL...
AGE AND GENDER DIFFERENCES IN PERFORMANCE AT CROSS TRIATHLON WORLD CHAMPIONSHIPS
Introduction. Cross triathlon is a sport consisting of three segments: swimming, off-road cycling, and running. Our study analyses the differences in performance between genders and changes in performance in selected age...
SUMMER CAMPS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF PARTICIPANTS AND ORGANISERS
Introduction. Summer camps are the most important form of organised leisure activity for children and adolescents, and their popularity has been increasing year after year. Providing tourism services for this group of re...