Butterfly Graphs with Shell Orders m and 2m+1 are Graceful
Journal Title: Bonfring International Journal of Research in Communication Engineering - Year 2012, Vol 2, Issue 2
Abstract
A graceful labelling of an un directed graph G with n edges is a one-one function from the set of vertices V(G) to the set {0, 1, ,2, . . ., n} such that the induced edge labels are all distinct. An induced edge label is the absolute difference between the two end vertex labels. A shell graph is defined as a cycle Cn with (n -3) chords sharing a common end point called the apex . A double shell is one vertex union of two shells. A bow graph is defined to be a double shell in which each shell has any order. In this paper we define a butterfly graph as a bow graph with exactly two pendant edges at the apex and we prove that all butterfly graphs with one shell of order m and the other shell of order (2m + 1) are graceful.
Authors and Affiliations
Ezhilarasi Hilda Stanley , Jeba Jesintha J
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP114736
- DOI 10.9756/BIJRCE.1245
- Views 140
- Downloads 0
An Improved MAC Address Based Intrusion Detection and Prevention System in MANET Sybil Attacks
A Mobile Adhoc Network is a communication medium that does not rely on secure infrastructure .It is a group of independent mobile nodes that can transfer to communicate each other via radio waves. These networks are full...
A Novel Design of Low-Noise RF Amplifier for Orthogonal Frequency Division MultiplexingComparison of Cellular Automata and DSP Processors towards DSP Application
Communication plays very important role in day-to-day life of people. Due to fast growing age, multi carrier communication is preferred over single carrier waves for better transmission. One of the advantages of OFDM sys...
A Systematic Study on Cyber Physical System
Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) are physical and engineered systems whose operations are monitored, coordinated, controlled and integrated by a computing and communication core. The economic and societal potential of such...
Tree Based Scalable Secure Group CommunicationV-parameter Study of Silica-Air 1D Photonic Crystal Fiber by Modulating Geometrical Parameters at Different Optical Communication Ranges
In order to establish a group communication, a common key must be available with all the members of the group. The group key can be used for encrypting data between the group members or restricting access to the resource...
Data Cleaning Framework for Healthcare Applications
RFID technologies are used in various applications ranging from traditional applications such as access control, electronic toll collection, e-ID documents to modernizing applications such as asset management, baggage ha...