Carbon credit potential of biogas plants in Pakistan
Journal Title: International Journal of Modern Research In Engineering & Management. - Year 2019, Vol 2, Issue 9
Abstract
Biogas technology, beside the source of energy and manure, supplies an admirable prospect for alleviation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and reduces global warming through replacement of firewood for cooking. A study is carried out to calculate biogas potential from animal dung in Pakistan, global warming potential from animal's dung and GMP by domestic biogas plant and thereby earning carbon credit in Pakistan. Dairy information of Pakistan states that Pakistan has approximately 39.7 and 34.6 million animals in the form of cows and buffaloes respectively produce about 1.12 million kg accumulated dung per day. The international market of CO2 is USD20 to 40/ton, carbon market initiative increased in 2018 as USD7 to 16/tCO2e as compared to 2017. It is about 9.7ton CO2 equivalent global warming per annum can be mitigated by a domestic biogas plant. In the light of clean development mechanism (CDM), it can be earned USD242.5 through carbon credit yearly from the mitigation of GHGs discharge. A domestic range biogas plant can replace usage of fossil fuel approximately 4,400 kg animal dung, 5,535 kg firewood and 316 Litters of kerosene oil. In this way with the replacement of fossil fuels to biogas, yearly about to 16.4, 11.3, 987.0 and 69.7 kg of NOX, SO2, CO and volatile organic compounds can be reduced respectively from the atmosphere. Presently, about 6000 domestic biogas plants has been installed throughout country by government of Pakistan, which are capable to mitigate 0.06 Mt CO2 equivalent and yearly earn USD 1.455 million as carbon credit under Clean Development Mechanism. If total collectable dung is used for biogas production, then in Pakistan about 5 million biogas plants can be installed and annually USD 1206.5 million can be achieved as carbon credit with reduction in GHGs production from household burning of firewood and kerosene oil. The declination in global warming should encourage policy makers to promote biogas technology to war of climate change and integration of carbon revenues will help the farmers to develop biogas as a profitable activity.
Authors and Affiliations
Imran Ali Rajar
Keywords
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