Cardiac Manifestations in HIV Infected Children. Are they under Diagnosed?
Journal Title: HIV/AIDS Research and Treatment – Open Journal - Year 2015, Vol 2, Issue 1
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate cardiac manifestations in HIV-infected children in India. Methods & Results: This was a cross sectional study in HIV positive children up to 18 years of age, at a pediatric HIV clinic of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Maharashtra, India. All children were thoroughly evaluated by detailed history, clinical examination and underwent chest radiograph, Electrocardiograph (ECG) and Echocardiography (Echo). Of the 119 children who completed the study, the male to female ratio was 1.16:1 and the mean age was 8.9 years (range 2-17 years). Cardiovascular abnormalities were detected in 74 (62%) children on echo and / or ECG. Echocardiography alone was abnormal in 44 (36.9%) children and ECG alone was abnormal in 56 (47%) children. However, only 11(9%) children were found to be symptomatic with cardiovascular symptoms. The prevalence of Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) was 4%. The most common ECG abnormality observed in the study was sinus tachycardia in 35 (29%) followed by ST-T changes in 20 (16.8%).The most common echocardiographic abnormality encountered was LV systolic dysfunction seen in 31 (26%) cases, followed by Low LV ejection fraction in 24 (20%) cases. Children with abnormal echo and ECG were in higher WHO clinical and immunological stages (III & IV), however the association between the two was not found to be statistically significant. Conclusions: This study establishes that subclinical cardiac manifestations are prevalent in HIV infected children. More research should be done on the clinical significance of these findings and the need for long-term follow up.
Authors and Affiliations
Rakesh Gupta
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP555220
- DOI 10.17140/HARTOJ-2-103
- Views 116
- Downloads 0
Religious and Psychosocial Covariates of Health-Related Quality of Life in People Living with HIV/AIDS
HIV/AIDS is a chronic, highly stigmatized illness that requires significant lifestyle adjustments, including consistent adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in order for People Living With HIV/AIDS (PLWH) to survive...
A Multilevel Analysis of the Determinants of HIV Testing in Zimbabwe: Evidence from the Demographic and Health Surveys
Introduction: Zimbabwe is still burdened with HIV epidemic and the government has an ambitious aim in the post-2015 era to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. To achieve this, the government has set up the 90-90-90 strategic...
HIV-Related Health Status, Adherence, and Stress Coping Capacity among Men Living with HIV in Japan
Object: The aim of this study was to ascertain the associations between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related health status and stress coping capacity, and between adherence to taking medicine and stress-coping capa...
Understanding Barriers to Linking High Risk Heterosexual African American Women to Care in the Upper South
As part of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC’s) HIV prevention strategic plan through 2010,1 4 national goals were identified to reduce by half the new HIV infections in the United States. One of the 4 go...
HIV/AIDS Epidemic and Global Health
AIDS has emerged as a global epidemic in an unprecedented universal involvement compelling the transformation of the general outlook towards disease and the emergence of the concept of global health. First cases of AIDS...