Cardiotoxicity of antineoplasic agents: onset, risk factors and clinical manifestatio
Journal Title: Human & Veterinary Medicine - International Journal of the Bioflux Society - Year 2011, Vol 3, Issue 2
Abstract
The continuously growing incidence of the neoplasic disease, estimated to be in 2020 the main cause of death in developed countries, has imposed an increasing research to discover new classes of antineoplasic agents, which alone or in combination with classical chemotherapy agents, may turn cancer into a curable disease for the most of the patients. All these drugs affect the heart in relation to the presence of risk factors: physiological (age, sex, race), general (malaise, pre-existing chronic diseases), pre-existing cardiovascular affections, previous mediastinal radiation therapy, association with other cardiotoxic substances, as well as in relation to factors related to medication (high daily dose, high cumulative dose, short interval between administrations, bolus injection). The mechanism that produces cardiotoxicity is incompletely elucidated, it appears to be plurifactorial, the production of oxygen free radicals being the main cause of morphological alterations. Anthracyclines cardiotoxicity is better known, with its two forms (acute/subacute and late or chronic) or even the delayed cardiotoxicity form in survivors of childhood cancers. There are also presented some cardiac damage modalities after treatment with alkylating agents, antimetabolites, taxanes, monoclonal antibodies (trastuzumab).
Authors and Affiliations
Liliana Rădulescu, Caius Duncea, Dan Rădulescu, Valentin Militaru, Andreea Pârv
Keywords
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