Cardiovascular autonomic response in children with parental history of diabetes mellitus: A comparative study
Journal Title: MedPulse -International Medical Journal - Year 2015, Vol 2, Issue 3
Abstract
Introduction: The autonomic nervous system regulates the electrical and contractile activity of myocardium via interplay of sympathetic and parasympathetic activity. Diabetes leads to development of cardiovascular & cerebrovascular diseases. Increased risk of mortality is strongly associated with the presence of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in individual with diabetes. Aims and objectives: To study and compare cardiovascular autonomic response in children of diabetic and non diabetic parents in the age group 18- 25 years Material s and method: The study procedure was carried out on healthy volunteer medical students of age group 18 to 25 years. They were first categorized into two groups, control (without parental history of diabetes mellitus) and subject (with parental history of diabetes mellitus) .The sample size was 70 in the control group and 70 in the subject group. All participants were examined after explaining the study procedure. The cardiovascular tests to measure cardiovascular autonomic response were performed. These tests were explained and demonstrated to the participants before performing on them. Tests Done for Assessing Parasympathetic Activity were Heart rate variation with breathing test, Valsalva ratio test and 30:15 ratio test. Tests Done For Assessing Sympathetic Activity were Blood pressure response to standing (Orthostasis) test, Hand grip test and QTc interval test. The mean and standard deviation (S D) was calculated for all the parameters. The data was entered using Microsoft Excel (2007). Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 10.The statistical test used were (as per the requirement of the data). Results: Average age of 19.29 years in both the group, which was same and difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). In control group 64.30% were males and 35.70% were females whereas in study group 57.10% were males and 42.30% were females. The mean resting pulse rate was 77.80 beats per minute among control group, which was comparable with 78.87 beats per minute among study group. The mean SBP among study group was 111.86 ± 7.61 mm of Hg, whereas among control group was 110.26 ±7.92 mm of Hg. The mean DBP of study and control group was 75.66 ± 05.05 mm of Hg and 74.66 ± 04.32 mm of Hg respectively and difference observed in these groups was statistically not significant (>0.05). Out of the three tests done for assessing parasympathetic activity, mean valsalva ratio and mean 30:15 ratio showed statistically significant difference in study and control group whereas mean E/I ratio showed no statistically significant difference. While assessing sympathetic activity Orthostasis and Mean QTc interval test showed no statistically significant difference in study and control group whereas sustained handgrip test showed statistically significant difference in study and control group. Conclusion: Children of diabetic parents are more prone to cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in future, compared with children of non diabetic parents. It may be part of a genetic syndrome rather than a secondary complication of diabetes.
Authors and Affiliations
Amruta Nitin Kumbhar, Lalit H Nikam
Keywords
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