Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among People Being Treated for HIV in Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study
Journal Title: Journal of Clinical Research in HIV AIDS and Prevention - Year 2014, Vol 1, Issue 4
Abstract
Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and antiretroviral therapy (ART) are found to be strongly associated with cardiovascular diseases. Data are sparse on the prevalence and distribution of cardiovascular risk factors among people being treated for HIV in South Asia region. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 103 HIV patients (51 women and 52 men) attending routine follow-up consultations at the largest ART centre in Nepal was conducted. Data on several cardiovascular risk factors were collected through interview questionnaires, biophysical measurements and consulting medical records. Results: The most common cardiovascular risk factors observed were central obesity 34.6% 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 25.3% to 43.9%, chronic kidney disease {20.7% (95% CI: 11.6% to 29.7%)} and tachycardia {20.6% (95% CI: 12.7% to 28.5%)}. Females were significantly more likely to have central obesity (male 9.8% vs. female 60%, p=0.016) and chronic kidney disease (male 15.4% vs. female 26.3%, p=0.003) as compared to the males. Participants were fairly active but a large proportion, especially men, had smoked {65% (95% CI: 57%-72.3%)}, used tobacco products {66% (95% CI: 56.4%-74.4%)} or drugs (53.8% of the men) and consumed alcohol {60.2% (95% CI: 50.5%-69.1%)}. Conclusion: A high prevalence of several cardiovascular risk factors was observed among patients being treated for HIV in Nepal. Further larger studies are warranted to better understand the relevance and public health impact of cardiovascular risk factors in this region.
Authors and Affiliations
Nirmal Aryal, Debbi Marais, Padam Simkhada
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP262787
- DOI 10.14302/issn.2324-7339.jcrhap-12-157
- Views 122
- Downloads 0
Report of a False Positive Rapid HIV Test Due to Hepatitis A in a U.S. Army Soldier
A 25 year old, single, active duty soldier presented to a clinic in Afghanistan complaining of malaise, fatigue, acholic stools, and mild jaundice over a 5- to 7-day period. He had significantly elevated liver transamina...
Evaluation of Recruitment Approaches for the HPTN 052 Clinical Trial of HIV Serodiscordant Couples in Rural Western Kenya
Recruitment of couples is important for study success. The multi-centered HPTN 052 clinical trial was designed to evaluate whether immediate versus delayed use of ART by HIV-infected individuals would reduce transmission...
Recognizing the Costs of Teen Pregnancy: “Baby Think it Over”
Despite recent improvements in teen pregnancy and birth rates, 2000 teens get pregnant each day in the U.S. Innovative strategies that are effective and acceptable within communities are needed to continue these declines...
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with Alimentary Fatty Liver Disease are not Genetic Risk Factors for Treatment-associated Hepatic Steatosis in HIV Patients on HAART
No Abstract
Cognitive Functioning in Adults Aging with HIV: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Cognitive Subtypes and Influential Factors
Objective: This cross-sectional study examined cognitive subtypes and influential factors in HIV-positive (HIV+) adults. Method: Two-step cluster analysis was conducted on a neurocognitive test battery in a sample (N...