Causes and distribution features of forestin alder stands (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaerth.) in Ukraine for the period of 1994–2009
Journal Title: Лісівництво і агролісомеліорація - Year 2015, Vol 126, Issue
Abstract
Introduction. Secondary growth coppice stands formed mainly at the site of alder stands of seedling origin in Ukraine. Such stands have simplified structure, reduced stability and production. The spreading of pathological processes in alder stends are caused by anthropogenic impacts and climate changes. Climatic changes of recent years lead generally to increased number of negative factors that cause drying-out of alder stands, the nature and intensity of which should be the subject of investigation. The aim of our study is to establish the causes of deterioration in sanitary conditions of alder stands and to identify specific inventory characteristics of alder stands covered by various pathological processes. Methods of research. Research conducted by sample surveys using conventional methods in forestry, analyzing and collating of subcompartment database collected using the method of URIFFM as on 2004, 2007, 2000, 2003, 2006 and 2009 years. Results. The survey results suggest that pathological processes observed in alder stands of all age classes, but the most of plantations (30 % of the area) were of 6th age class. The part of 5th and 7th age classes of the stands was somewhat smaller (21 % and 18 %, respectively). Area of plantation, weakened and dried due to various reasons, varies depending on the period of examination, but the ratio of classes of initiating causes remaines relatively stable; they are changes the hydrological regime and related diseases (60 % and 20 % respectively), the impact of drought, frost, wind throw, wind-breakage (10 %), fire damage (2 %), negative human impact (industrial emissions, cutting, etc.) (3 %), other reasons, including not defined, account for about 5 % of all weakened and drying stands. In terms of regional departments as on 2009, the largest area of alder trees weakened due to the changes of the hydrological regime were marked in the Poltava and Volyn Regional Departments of Forestry and Hunting (43.2 % and 36.3 %, respectively). The largest areas of alder stands affected by stem rot were registered in Kiev Regional Department of Forestry and Hunting (82 % of all alder stands, drying due to this reason in Ukraine). Stands distribution by the stand density shows that more than 80 % of the stand area of plantations marked with pathological processes have stand density accounted for 0.6–0,8, and more than a half of them (42 %) have 0.7. The ratio of alder drying stands of the second site class prevailed in all periods, and only as on1994 most drying alder stands were of the first site class. Conclusions. The main reasons for initiating the degradation of alder stands in Ukraine for the period of 1994–2009 are hydrological regime changing and disease (stem rot). The spreading of pathological processes depends on the period of examinations and observed mainly in the stands of 6th age class, of second site class and of middle and lower stand density. As of 2009, the largest area of alder trees weakened due to the changes of the hydrological regime were marked in the Poltava and Volyn Regional Department of Forestry and Hunting, and in connection with damage by stem rot the largest area was registered in Kiev Regional Department of Forestry and Hunting.
Authors and Affiliations
I. Ustskiy, S. Bugaev, P. Nykytyuk
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP179520
- DOI -
- Views 150
- Downloads 0
Sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marshall) in the conditions of the Kharkiv region
The article reports results of the investigation of the 33-year-old experimental plantation of Sugar maple in conditions of fresh maple-lime oak forest site in Kharkiv region, the purpose of w...
The growth of scots pine provenances in 85-year-olds provenance trials in State Enterprise "Trostyanetske FE"
Growth and qualitative characteristics of Scots pine provenance trials in SE "Trostyanetske FE" of Sumy region are analyzed. The dynamics of provenances growth in height and diameter within 85 years period is investigate...
Contribution of professor P.S. Pasternak in forest science development
Contribution of outstanding Ukrainian scientist professor P. S. Pasternak in development of forest ecology, forest science and forestry, forest soil science, forest typology, protective afforestation, forest radiology is...
Еvaluation of hazelnut clones and sorts of Ukrainian Research Institute of Foresty and Forest Melioration breeding in the “Veseli Bokovenky” Experimental Breeding Dendrologic Forestry Center
The method of hazelnut varieties and clones inventory we are suggesting enables plants differentiation by vitality, a profusion of fruiting, shrubs composition, size and thereby perfects selection of varieties and clones...
Polymorphism and features of vegetative propagation of Thuja occidentalis L. by decorative forms cutting
Purpose of the work is to identify peculiarities of intraspecific polymorphism of Thuja occidentalis L. on the basis of literature data as well as to improve the method of decorative forms reproduction by cuttings which...