Cerebrovascular Diseases and Associated Risk Factors in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Countries
Journal Title: Cardiology and Angiology: An International Journal - Year 2014, Vol 2, Issue 1
Abstract
Background: In the WHO Eastern Mediterranean region, nearly one million deaths are caused by cardio-vascular diseases every year. During the last decade, the number of deaths caused by stroke increased by 23%. Most cardiovascular diseases can be prevented by addressing behavioural risk factors such as tobacco use, alcohol, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and metabolic risk factors like obesity, high blood pressure, diabetes and raised lipids. Methods: This is a systematic review on cerebrovascular diseases and associated risk factors in WHO Eastern Mediterranean countries. Medline, Science Direct, and other sources were used to get peer reviewed papers dealing with the review theme. The search was limited to publications between 1990 and 2013 (30th June). Results and Discussion: According to the inclusion criteria, 45 papers were included in the present review. The prevalence was found greater than 50% in 38 studies for hypertension, greater than 25% in 36 studies for diabetes, greater than 15% in 26 studies for smoking and greater than 25% in 19 studies for dyslipidemia. It was also indicated that incidence of stroke increases with ageing. The majority of studies found a prevalence of stroke higher in men than in women with a ratio male: female reaching 3.55:1 in one study. Conclusion: Although at different levels of importance, all the studies reveal that hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and smoking are crucial risk factors for stroke. This review also indicates a lack or scarcity of studies in many countries with an uneven contribution by country since 33% of studies are from Pakistan whereas North Africa (Egypt, Morocco, Libya, Tunisia) contributed with only 2 papers.
Authors and Affiliations
A. Boutayeb, M. Derouich, W. Boutayeb, M. E. N. Lamlili
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP343961
- DOI 10.9734/CA/2014/9731
- Views 87
- Downloads 0
What's New and What Gaps in 2013 European Guidelines for the Management of Arterial Hypertension: A Reappraisal
Arterial hypertension is the most common cardiovascular risk factor causing over 9 million deaths worldwide. Its treatment is crucial in preventing adverse outcomes, in reducing morbidity and mortality and related socio-...
Analysis of Novel Anticoagulants for Atrial Fibrillation – Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacological Considerations
Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia. AF is a major risk factor for stoke. Warfarin has been available for more than 60 years and until recently it was the only oral anticoagulant used for the preventi...
Hammock Bridge on Fire: Complete AV Block in a Patient with Congenitally-corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries and Wolff-Parkinson-White
Aims: To recognize heart block as a complication associated with congenitally-corrected transposition of the great arteries (CCTGA). Presentation of the Case: A healthy 36 year old male with CCTGA presented with syncope...
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Incidence of Acute Coronary Heart Disease and Mortality in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke Study (REGARDS)
Objective: To examine the relationship between left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and the incidence of acute coronary heart disease (CHD) and mortality in the modern era. Methods: We studied 16, 390 black and white par...
Differential Enthalpy, Factor of Cardiac Power and Precursor of Work Power from the Nodal Tissue
Background: The blood can be considered as a real fluid flowing in fixed vibrating myocardial canal. Its ejection during the left ventricular contraction is the phenomenon hereby studied. The left ventricle has been take...