Cholesterol Lowering Effect of Cashew Leaf (Anacardium occidentale) Extract on Egg Yolk Induced Hypercholesterolaemic Rabbits

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Cholesterol Lowering Effect of Cashew Leaf (Anacardium occidentale) Extract on Egg Yolk Induced Hypercholesterolaemic Rabbits

Journal Title: Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences - Year 2016, Vol 4, Issue 10

Abstract

Cashew leaves (Anacardium occidentale) is a medicinal plant applied in the treatment of some non-scientific claims of common diseases in South-Western Nigeria such as hypertension . It contains phytochemicals such as Phenolic, flavonoids, steroids, triterpenes and 33.52% to 46.26% of dietary fiber. This work was therefore designed to determine the Cholesterol Lowering Effect of Cashew leaf (Anacardium occidentale) extract on Egg Yolk Induced Hypercholesterolaemic Rabbits. Fifteen rabbits classified into control group A of five rabbits; experimental group B induced with hypercholesterolemia using 20% egg yolk(B1) and thereafter given cashew leaf ethanolic extract(B2) and group C of five rabbits induced with hypercholesterolemia using 20% egg yolk(C1) thereafter treated with the aqueous extract of cashew leaf(C2). Outcomes of biochemical evaluation of experimental rabbits were compared with the control rabbits. Plasma Total cholesterol(CHOL-T), Low Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C),Total Triglycerides(TG-T), High Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) were evaluated in the rabbits by autoanalysis using ROCHE reagent on COBAS C111 autoChemistry analyzer. There was a significant increase in plasma total cholesterol, LDL-C, total triglycerides and HDL-C when the rabbits were fed with normal meal containing 20% of powdered egg yolk of the total meal weight with water for seven days compared with control rabbits fed on normal diet and water for 7 days with p<0.05. A significant decrease was also obtained in plasma Total cholesterol and Total triglycerides in the rabbits given 400mg/Kg of either ethanolic or aqueous extract of cashew leaves extract after they were being given 20% of powdered egg yolk of the total meal weight plus water for seven days which was more in ethanolic extract than the aqueous extract with p<0.05. There was also a significantly lower LDL-C in rabbits fed with normal meal containing 20% of powdered egg yolk of the total meal weight plus water for seven days followed by the administration of 400mg/Kg of ethanolic extract for another seven days. than when the rabbits were fed with normal meal containing 20% of powdered egg yolk of the total meal weight with water for seven days and also than in the rabbits induced with hypercholesterolemia using20% of powdered egg yolk of the total meal weight followed by aqueous cashew leaf extract (p<0.05). This work revealed the efficacy of 20% egg yolk at inducing hypercholesterolaemia while ethanonolic and aqueous extract have been found to decrease plasma levels of CHOL-T, TG-T and LDL-C and as such could be applied in the treatment of hypertecholesterolaemia which may result into hypertension. Keywords: Anacardium occidentale, hypertecholesterolaemia, Plasma Total cholesterol (CHOL-T), Low Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C)

Authors and Affiliations

Mathew Folaranmi Olaniyan

Keywords

The first report of the life cycle of Sarcophaga (L) dux on dead reptilian carcass: Their application as forensic indicators

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EP ID EP372389
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