Clinicopathological Analysis of Childhood Leukemia - A Study Conducted in a Tertiary Care Centre in South India
Journal Title: Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 3
Abstract
Background: Leukemias constitute the most common diagnostic group of childhood cancers worldwide, and in India, accounting for about 31% of childhood cancers. More than 95% of childhood leukemias are acute leukemias. Symptoms and signs are a consequence of bone marrow failure or the involvement of medullary or extramedullary sites by leukemia. Aim: To study the presenting clinical features and laboratory findings of children with leukemia and to study their relationship with different subtypes. Materials & Method: This descriptive study was conducted in the department of Pathology, Govt. Medical College, Kozhikode, based on the details of all the newly diagnosed cases of leukemia in children aged between 0 - 12 years from 1st January 2013 to 30th June 2017. Results & Conclusion: Out of 233 cases of childhood leukemia 232 were acute leukemia (99.6%) and one was chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Male: Female ratio was 1.6:1. Most prevalent age group was 1to 4 years. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was the commonest type of leukemia, B- ALL being the predominant immunophenotype. The most common subtype of AML was AML with maturation. B-ALL was more frequent in younger children while T-ALL and AML in older children. Most common features at presentation were fever, bleeding manifestations, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, pallor and lymphadenopathy. T-ALL presented with higher leucocyte count and hemoglobin concentration compared to other types. Most of the results were comparable with the available data from literature
Authors and Affiliations
Dr Anupama A. Amnjula
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