Clomiphene citrate impairs the endometrial CD98 expression in ovariectomized and non-ovariectomized rats: Role of HCG
Journal Title: International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine - Year 2019, Vol 17, Issue 6
Abstract
Background: Clomiphene citrate (CC) is one of the widely used drugs as an ovulation stimulant, but its adverse effects on the endometrium results in lowering down the pregnancy rate. Endometrium CD98 is also important in the process of implantation. Objective: To evaluate the immunohistochemistry expression levels of endometrial CD98 following injection of CC with and without Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in ovariectomized and non-ovariectomized rats. Materials and Methods: Seventy two (12-14 wk old) female Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups (n = 36): (a) ovariectomized and (b) non-ovariectomized. Each group was further divided into six subgroups (n = 6/each): (1) CC 10 mg/kg, (2) CC 20 mg/kg, (3) HCG, (4) CC 10 mg/kg with HCG, (5) CC 20 mg/kg with HCG, and (6) control. The experimental subgroups received a single dose of CC (daily, five days) and HCG (after the last injection of CC) alone or in combination. Immunohistochemistry staining was performed on paraffin-embedded endometrial tissues to evaluate the expression levels of CD98. Result: Animals undergoing ovariectomy presented a significantly lower expression level of endometrial CD98 (p < 0.001) when compared with non-ovariectomized in the same condition that groups were subdivided. There was also a dose-dependent reduction (p < 0.001) in the expression of CD98 in non-ovariectomized subgroups when compared with control group. In addition, injection of HCG following treatment with CC improved its expression. Conclusion: It was concluded that CC impairs CD98 expression in endometrium and this impairment is intensified with the removal of the ovary. Also, an injection of HCG following treatment with CC can slightly improve the expression of CD98.
Authors and Affiliations
Behpour Yousefi, Elnaz Rahbar
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP642932
- DOI -
- Views 116
- Downloads 0
Assessing the efficacy of vaginal hyoscine butyl bromide on cervical ripening prior to intrauterine procedures: A double-blinded clinical trial
Background: Unripe cervix prevents entering the endometrial cavity during intrauterine procedures. Mechanical dilatation of cervical canal might cause undesirable complications. Objective: To investigate the substitute o...
Healthy eating index in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A case-control study
Background: Despite many effort to identify and control the factors involved in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), there are no available reports indicating the association of healthy eating index (HEI) and PCOS. Objectiv...
CPITN changes during pregnancy and maternal demographic factors ‘impact on periodontal health
Background: There have been speculations about the effects of hormonal changes and socio-demographic factors on periodontal health during pregnancy. Objective: According to the lack of sufficient epidemiologic informatio...
Endometrial mesenchymal stem stromal cells in mature and immature sheep: An in vitro study
Background: Endometrial mesenchymal stem stromal cells (EnMSCs) are critical for uterine function, repair, and regeneration. Objective: This study introduced isolation technique of EnMSCs and compared the characteristics...
The effect of endometrial injury on first cycle IVF/ICSI outcome: A randomized controlled trial
Background: Implantation remains a limiting step in IVF/ICSI. Endometrial injury isa promising procedure aiming at improving the implantation and pregnancy rates after IVF/ICSI. Objective: The aim of this study was to e...