Comparative Analysis of Symptomatic Hypocalcemia in Term And Preterm Neonates Undergoing Continuous Phototherapy
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) - Year 2017, Vol 16, Issue 1
Abstract
Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is one of the most common conditions confronting neonatologists daily, managed by phototherapy with its inherent complications. However, phototherapy may itself result in the development of hypocalcaemia that can cause serious complications. Aims and objectives: To compare the occurrence of phototherapy induced hypocalcemia and its complications in term and preterm neonates. Materials and Methods: Hospital based prospective cross sectional study performed on two hundred neonates (155 term and 45 preterm neonates) receiving phototherapy enrolled during period from 1st feb 2015 to 31st july 2016. Plasma bilirubin and calcium levels were determined before and after 48 hours of phototherapy and clinically assessed for features of hypocalcemia i.e. jitteriness, irritability/ excitability, lethargy and convulsions and others. Results: Out of these 200 neonates, 155 were term and 45 were preterm neonates. After 48 hours of continuous phototherapy, serum calcium levels were significantly lowered in both term {62(40%);p<0.001} and preterm neonates {24(53.33%);p<0.001}.Out of the 62 term neonates who had hypocalcemia, 13(20.97%) were symptomatic and of the 24 preterm neonates who had hypocalcemia, 12(50%) were symptomatic(p=<.001).Most of the symptomatic neonates showed jitteriness (11% term and 33% preterm) and lethargy (10% term and 16.67% preterm), none developed apnea or convulsions. Conclusion: Neonates after being subjected to phototherapy, develop hypocalcemia which can cause serious complications like jitteriness, lethargy, convulsions, apnea and irritability, so it requires close monitoring of calcium levels, and timely supplementation of calcium to prevent hypocalcemia.
Authors and Affiliations
Preeti Gusain, Virendra Kumar Gupta, Shagun Gupta, Bhagwan Sahai Natani, Swati Agrawal, Narbir Yadav, Yuktika Arora, Dhruv Vashisth, Bhawani K C, Kasturi Devatwal, Pahula Verma, Anurag Tomar
Keywords
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