Comparative Evaluation of Variation in Heart Rate Variability with Change in Posture in Young Adult Indian Males and Females
Journal Title: Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research - Year 2014, Vol 2, Issue 6
Abstract
Context: An important component of Cardiovascular Adaptation is the ability of the cardiovascular system to adapt to physiological changes caused by physical challenges such as change in posture, gender etc, causing its adaptation response. If these parameters remain within sub- normal range for a long duration, then this could mean a sign of cardiovascular dysfunction, which may point toward poor physical health or onset of a cardiovascular disorder. Heart rate variability (HRV) is an important and widely-used measure of autonomic functioning, especially to assess cardiac activity. Few studies have focused on the impact of change in posture and gender on cardiac autonomic modulation in Indian context, so the rationale behind the present study was to systematically investigate the effect of postural change and gender on various HRV parameters using frequency domain measures of HRV in healthy young adult Indian population. Aim: To record, compare and evaluate HRV in different postures in young adult Indian males and females. Settings and Design: The study was conducted on 100 young adults (50 males and 50 females). Methods and Material: Their Height, Weight, Pulse rate & Blood Pressure were noted.HRV was recorded with the help of Anu photo rheograph using frequency domain method in supine, sitting and standing postures. Statistical analysis used: The data was analysed using SPSS 17.0 statistical package. Comparison between groups (supine, sitting and standing) was done using one way ANOVA followed by Tuckey’s POST HOC test and Independent t-test. The statistical significance level was established at 5% (P < 0.05) and 1% (P < 0.01). Results: The present study shows that, HRV parameters, such as TP, VLF and LF were higher in males, which www.jmscr.igmpublication.org Impact Factor 1.1147 ISSN (e)-2347-176x Dr. Sanhita Rajan Walawalkar JMSCR Volume 2 Issue 6 June 2014 Page 1468 JMSCR Volume||2||Issue||6||Page 1467-1487||June 2014|ISSN:2347-176X 2014 reflect sympathetic dominance in males. HF was significantly higher in females, which demonstrates parasympathetic dominance in females. Mean RR interval was significantly higher in males than females in lying and standing position but not in sitting position. With changes in posture (lying-sitting-standing), mean RR interval decreased. Both genders demonstrated significant decrease of mean RR interval with change of posture from sitting to standing, but it was not significant from lying to sitting, which may be explained by increased sympathetic tone with change in posture from sitting to standing. TP decreased with postural changes in males and females but not significantly. Significant difference in TP between males and females in sitting and standing positions could be explained on the basis of greater parasympathetic dominance in females and greater sympathetic dominance in males. In our study no significant difference in VLF could be observed either with change in posture, or between genders.VLF indicates influence of long-term regulatory mechanisms. So, our study which consisted of short time recordings does not reflect the influence of such mechanisms. The difference in LF was significant in lying position only. In both genders, there was a significant increase of LF with change in posture from lying to sitting. But with change of posture from sitting to standing, LF decreased not significantly. These findings can be explained by increase of sympathetic tone with lying-sitting change in posture. And decrease of sympathetic influence with sitting-standing change in posture could be related to recovery process trying to find a balance in a new standing condition. The difference in HF between males and females was significant in supine and sitting postures but not in standing position. When postures were changing from lying to sitting and to standing, HF decreased in both sexes. It correlates with decreased parasympathetic and increased sympathetic tone with postural changes from lying to sitting and to standing.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Sanhita Rajan Walawalkar
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