Comparative Proximate and Antibacterial Properties of Milled Carica papaya (Pawpaw) Peels and Seeds
Journal Title: Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International - Year 2016, Vol 12, Issue 1
Abstract
The study, conducted at the Department of Biochemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Nigeria between May and August, 2015, determined and compared the proximate (percentage, %) and antibacterial (millimeter, mm) properties of milled Carica papaya Linn peels and seeds, using standard protocols. Each sample extract (100 mg/ml) was tested against three bacteria - Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). The percentage yield of the peels (61.29 %) was lower (p<0.05) than that of the seeds (74.34 %). The ash (14.07±0.06) and carbohydrate (53.22±0.05) in the peels was respectively higher (p<0.05) than that in the seeds (10.51±0.02, 22.37±0.03) while the fibre (24.09±0.07), fat (0.99±0.08), protein (4.21±0.02) and moisture (3.42±0.03) in the peels was lower (p<0.05) than the corresponding content in the seeds (26.31±0.02, 29.62±0.02, 7.41±0.01 and 3.78±0.04). Beside P. aeruginosa (that was not susceptible to the aqueous extract of the seeds), the activity of the aqueous extract of the peels against E. coli and S. aureus was lower (p<0.05) than that of the seeds. The activity of the ethanol extract of the peels against E. coli (17.33±1.15), S. aureus (15.00±1.73) and P. aeruginosa (14.33±1.15) was in each case higher (p<0.05) than that of the seeds (14.33±0.58, 0.00±0.00, 9.67±1.15). The aqueous and ethanol extracts of the seeds respectively had no activity against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. Thus, the pawpaw peels could be a durable source for mineral and carbohydrate with broader activity and higher potency against the tested bacteria while the seeds could be a source for protein, dietary fibre and fat, but with limited durability and activity against the tested bacteria. Harnessing the results of this study may enhance the use of these samples in diets and drugs to ultimately reduce their environmental burden.
Authors and Affiliations
Anthony Cemaluk C. Egbuonu, Eberechi M. Harry, Ifeanyi A. Orji
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP342174
- DOI 10.9734/BJPR/2016/26808
- Views 86
- Downloads 0
A Prospective Study to Evaluate Daily Moderate Consumption of Ethanol on Oxidative Stress Markers of Diabetes Induced Wistar Strain Albino Rats
Objective: The objective of this study is to compare the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) level and lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) in ethanol treated non diabetic and diabetic rats. Metho...
Nephroprotective Effect of Phoenix reclinata Total Crude Root Extract on Tenofovir Induced Kidney Damage in Wistar Albino Rats
Tenofovir (TDF), used in combination with other antiretroviral agents, is an effective therapy for HIV infection. However, prolonged use of this drug is limited by a life threatening nephrotoxicity. Phoenix reclinata is...
The Antitumor Properties of a Metal-free Ligand and Local Herbal Remedy against N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced Carcinomas in Albino Mice
Aims: We report a pilot study evaluating the antitumor properties of a Schiff base ligand, 3-[2,4-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl imino)methyl] napthalen-2-ol] and aqueous herbal extract against N-methyl-N-Nitrosourea (MNU)-induce...
Inhibition of Albumin Glycation at Different Stages by Four Anti-diabetic Plant Extracts Correlates with Polyphenols and Antioxidant Capacity in vitro
Aims: Both glycation and oxidative stress play a critical role in the incidence of diabetic complications. Plants with antioxidative and antiglycative properties may attenuate such pathological conditions. The aim of thi...
Synergistic Activity of the Antibiotic Meropenem in Combination with Edible Mushroom Extracts against Multidrug Resistant Bacteria
Aims: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial potency of meropenem in synergism with five edible mushroom extracts against multidrug resistant clinical isolates. Methodology: Minimum Inhibitory Con...