Comparative Study of Canal Design
Journal Title: Journal of River Engineering - Year 2014, Vol 2, Issue 4
Abstract
India is basically an agrarian country and crop-water is supplied through the system of canals from either dams or distribution chambers. Conventionally, canals are designed, constructed & maintained by the Water Resource Department of an Indian State following a conventional design philosophy given by Kennedy, Lacey, Mannings in which the seepage losses are a big concern for the engineer. An approximate estimation of seepage under the un-lined canal is 7 Cumec per Million Square Meter & that of Lined Canal is 2.5 Cumec per Million Square Meter. To address the problem, Prof. P K Swamee has suggested an alternate design philosophy based on minimum seepage loss. Swamee presented simplified algebraic equations for computation of seepage loss for triangular, rectangular, and trapezoidal sectioned canals, which accurately replace the cumbersome evaluation of complex integrals. Swamee, concluded that using these seepage loss equations and the general uniform flow equation canal can be designed for minimum seepage under the canal system. But, while designing the canal system for distributing water to the farms, a typical design approach issued by the central design office of the Government agency is adopted all over the state. The calculation of seepage is based on the thumb rule or the field observations done in the past for similar structures ; and to reduce the seepage losses, canal lining is adopted which involves the heavy cost of construction & maintenance as well. This approach does not suits to the present environmental conditions where scarcity of water, due to irregular or deficit rainfall & depletion of ground water due to over exploitation, is being felt by the entire world. In such situation, adaptability of Swamee’s approach needs to be examined. This paper studies the comparison of the design philosophy suggested by Prof. P K Swamee with conventional design philosophy adopted by government agencies in tropical country like India.
Authors and Affiliations
Mahendra Narayan Umare - S. B Thankare
Keywords
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