Comparison Between Intravenous Fentanyl and Dexmedetomidine to Decrease Sevoflurane – Induced Agitation in Paediatric Patients Undergoing Lower Abdominal Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Observational Study
Journal Title: Indian Journal of Anesthesia and Analgesia - Year 2019, Vol 6, Issue 4
Abstract
Introduction: Sevoflurane is widely used in paediatric anesthesia. It has a rapid induction and rapid recovery profile. It is pleasant, non-pungent and non irritant to the respiratory airways. Emergence agitation (EA) in children early after sevoflurane anesthesia is a common postoperative problem, with incidence up to 80%. Fentanyl and α2-agonists like Dexmedetomidine have been shown to be effective measures in decreasing the incidence of EA. Aims and Objectives: To compare the incidence of intravenous dexmedetomidine and fentanyl to decrease the post operative agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia in paediatric patients undergoing lower abdominal surgery. Material and methods: Sixty ASA physical status I and II children aged 2–9 years were included in this study. After inhalation induction with sevoflurane, patients were randomly assigned to receive either Saline (group N, n=20), fentanyl 1 mic/kg IV (group F, n=20) or dexmedetomidine 0.3 mic/kg IV (group D, n=20) 10 minutes before discontinuation of anesthesia. Results: The incidence of agitation was significantly higher in group N compared with other two groups, the incidence of agitation was 60% in Group N, 45% in Group F and 20% in Group D. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) between the three groups in modified Aldrete recovery scores, but emergence time was more in dexmedetomidine when compared with other groups which was statistically significant. Conclusion: Fentanyl 1 mic/kg iv or dexmedetomidine 0.3 mic/kg iv that is administered 10 minutes before the termination of anesthesia reduces the postoperative agitation in children.
Authors and Affiliations
Puneeth J
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP668102
- DOI 10.21088/ijaa.2349.8471.6419.47
- Views 74
- Downloads 0
Effects of Hypercarbia on Spontaneous Ventilation in Short Laparoscopic Procedures
Context: Carbon dioxide is most commonly used to insufflate the abdominal cavity to facilitate short laparoscopic surgeries, where the real challenge lies in management of pathophysiological changes due to hypercarbia. A...
Low Dose Dexamethasone Reduces Spinal Buprenorphine Associated Nausea and Vomiting
Intrathecal Buprenorphine is an adjuvant to spinal anaesthesia offers the advantage of providing good analgesia, but is associated postoperative nausea and vomiting. Dexamethasone is a potent steroid and has good antieme...
The Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine as Adjuvant in Caudal Block for Postoperative Pain Relief in Children
Introduction: In paediatric patients, optimum pain relief is a big challenge. An effective therapy to block or modify the physiological responses to painful stimulus is an essential. Hence, here is an attempt to study ad...
Comparative Evaluation of two Different Intravenous Doses of Midazolam to Aid the Insertion of LMA Classic as Adjuvants to Propofol Anaesthesia
Background: Propofol is a widely accepted medication for the uccessful insertion of laryngeal mask airway, but as a sole induction agent, it has a very low success rate. A number of co-induction agents have been used w...
Comparison of Laryngeal Mask Airway Proseal and Supreme in Patients Posted for Elective Surgeries Under General Anaesthesia: A Randomised Clinical Trial
Background: In spite of tremendous advances in contemporary anesthesia practice, airway management continues to be of paramount importance to anesthesiologist. Hemodynamic changes are the major undesirable consequences o...