Comparison of anticipation skills and reaction time in normaladults using a constructed anticipation timer
Journal Title: BOHR International Journal of Current Research in Optometry and Ophthalmology - Year 2024, Vol 3, Issue 1
Abstract
Background:In the realm of sports, the ability to navigate accurately through a dynamic environment is animportant factor for the coordination of speed and balance. Athletes engaged in sports that involve the swiftmovement of balls or targets, such as catching a baseball or hitting a tennis ball, rely on a complex interplay ofperceptual abilities to succeed.Purpose:Construction of a visual anticipation timer to assess and train the anticipatory skills and reaction time.Methods:We conducted a prospective experimental study. Fifty-one subjects were recruited and informed consentwas obtained. They underwent a comprehensive eye examination. We excluded subjects with the best correctedvisual acuity worse than 6/6, N6, and those with ocular and systemic diseases. We constructed an anticipationtimer with LED lights, push buttons, a resistor, and an Arduino board. The lights are placed vertically at a gap of2.5cm. The participants were asked to anticipate a time when the last LED light would be on and press the buttonaccordingly. The discrepancy between the “exact time” and the participants’ “anticipated time” was quantified asan error. We measured the error count for each participant before and after the training. The same anticipation taskwas given as training for 15 min. The participants were given a break of 5 min after the training session and beforethe post-training measurement.Results:The mean age of the 51 participants was 18.51±1.41 years. The Shapiro-Wilk test showed that thedata were not normally distributed (W= 0.758;P<0.001). We performed the Wilcoxon signed-rank test to findthe difference in error counts between pre- and post-training sessions. This showed a significant reduction in errorcount in the post-training values compared to pre-training values. (p= 0.002;z=−3.044). The mean error countfor pre- and post-training sessions was 2.22 and 0.90, respectively.Conclusion:The error counts have been significantly reduced in post-training sessions using a constructedanticipation timer. This study shows that repeated task of anticipation improves the accuracy of the anticipation.Anticipation training makes the person react faster and more accurately.Future scope:The constructed instrument is planned for validating different professions and age groups tounderstand the importance of anticipation and its cognitive involvement.
Authors and Affiliations
Meenakshi Narayanan, Maheswari Srinivasan, Pavithra Subash and Arunsuriya
Keywords
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- EP ID EP741988
- DOI 10.54646/bijcroo.2024.37
- Views 26
- Downloads 0
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Comparison of anticipation skills and reaction time in normaladults using a constructed anticipation timer
Background:In the realm of sports, the ability to navigate accurately through a dynamic environment is animportant factor for the coordination of speed and balance. Athletes engaged in sports that involve the swiftmoveme...