Comparison of Pregnancy Outcomes in HIV-Infected Women and Non-Infected Women: A Case Control Study from Central India
Journal Title: Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 2
Abstract
Abstract: HIV infection has compounded the obstetric problems. There is conflicting data on the effect of HIV infection as well as antiretroviral therapy (ART) on pregnancy outcome. To assess maternal and neonatal outcome in HIV positive pregnant women whether or not on antiretroviral therapy (ART).2. To study HIV prevalence of pregnant women delivering in tertiary care center and 3. To study pregnancy outcome in HIV infected women as compared to uninfected women. This case control was carried out in tertiary care teaching institute in central India for period of three years which included both retrospective and prospective data. We studied the pregnancy outcome of HIV positive patients (Group-A) and compared it with healthy uninfected controls (Group-B). Further analysis of HIV positive patients was done by subdividing it into two groups as on ART (Group-A1) and not on ART (Group-A2). A detailed clinical examination was carried out in each patient as per proforma at the time of admission and relevant information was recorded. Patients monitored throughout the pregnancy and delivered according to hospital protocols. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were studied in details. Statistical analysis: For descriptive statistics mean, standard deviation, proportions and percentages were used. Unpaired t test and Fisher exact test were used as test of significane. Total 108 patients were found to be HIV infected and controls were 222 non-infected patients. Prevalence of HIV infected patients delivering in our institute was 0.35%.Preterm deliveries were observed significantly more in infected patients (14.8%) than uninfected controls (7.6%) (p=0.042). Whereas no significant difference was observed whether on ART or not (p=0.834).ICCU admissions were observed significantly more in infected patients (2.7%) than uninfected controls (0%) (p=0.034). Whereas no significant difference was observed whether on ART or not (p=1.000).Mean birth weight was 2.38±0.56 kg in cases and 2.59±0.42kg in controls. Birth weight >2500grams was observed significantly more in babies born in uninfected group mothers (72%) as compare to infected group mothers (57.9%) (p=0.010). Whereas no significant difference was observed whether on ART or not (p=0.315).Live births were observed more in controls (100%) than cases (93.4%) (p=0.001). Low birth weight was found significantly more in babies of infected group (43%) as compared to uninfected group (27.9%) (p=0.006). Whereas no significant difference was observed whether on ART or not (p=0.204). Early prenatal or pre-pregnancy identification of HIV infected women remains an essential goal in the prevention of risky conception and adverse pregnancy outcome. It should be emphasized for all pregnant HIV-infected women, to maximize early and regular ANC visits.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Bhamare Rashmi Motiram, Dr. Fusey Shalini S, Dr. Pandve Harshal Tukaram
Keywords
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