Conflicts of the 21st century based on multidimensional warfare – “hybrid warfare”, disinformation and manipulation
Journal Title: Security and Defence Quarterly - Year 2015, Vol 8, Issue 3
Abstract
According to H. Schiller, manipulation is a tool of conquest. The oldest forms of manipulation were ideologies. Fabrice d’Almeida referred to manipulation appearing in the eighteenth century, but, according to Schiller, it appeared in the nineteenth century with the discountenance of physical oppression. The use of manipulation as a tool for fighting intensified after 1945. Nowadays, manipulation has changed when it comes to factors such as the strength of impact, range, and multitude. An important factor influencing the use of manipulation is modern technology. New environmental conditions influence the character and typology of conflicts. Changes in the environmental conditions enlarge the field of possible threats. Nowadays, we can observe that contemporary conflicts have a large complex scale, which has been extended by globalisation, the information age, advanced technologies and a new division of power in the world. Multidimensional methods of conducting modern warfare pose a threat, not only to soldiers, but also to civilians and societies as the whole. “Hybrid warfare” presents a unique combination of threats: conventional military operations, asymmetric warfare, irregular operations, terrorism, cyber threats and other tactics. “Hybrid warfare”, disinformation and manipulation blur the term of war and make it imprecise in the field of international law. The described activities require a multidimensional approach from all countries.
Authors and Affiliations
Marzena Araźna
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP706016
- DOI https://doi.org/10.5604/23008741.1189421
- Views 77
- Downloads 0
Simulation framework for practical cyber security training in the public service
The public service sector is a key target of cyberattacks. In order to prevent and effectively tackle such attacks, organisations should continuously develop their defence capabilities. As part of developing such capabil...
Current challenges to the non-proliferation regime: Iran and North Korea. A summary of professor Harnisch’ lecture
----------
Maritime disputes in East Asia and the Pacific region – The stormy waves of international relations
The paper portrays the overall political–military situation in East Asia with a focus on security challenges which are involving major regional powers, namely China, Japan, Russia and South Korea. The paper outlines the...
Concepts of managing and increasing the efficiency of using airspace in relation to increasing air traffic
Polish airspace is available on equal terms to all its users. Due to the increasing air traffic airspace structure and the system of airspace, management should constantly improve, taking into account the provisions of i...
Paratroopers in future operations.
Between the two World Wars paratroopers or airborne units were set up in preparation for the coming conflicts as the means of the vertical envelopement. During World War II several airborne operations were conducted. The...