Conflicts of the 21st century based on multidimensional warfare – “hybrid warfare”, disinformation and manipulation
Journal Title: Security and Defence Quarterly - Year 2015, Vol 8, Issue 3
Abstract
According to H. Schiller, manipulation is a tool of conquest. The oldest forms of manipulation were ideologies. Fabrice d’Almeida referred to manipulation appearing in the eighteenth century, but, according to Schiller, it appeared in the nineteenth century with the discountenance of physical oppression. The use of manipulation as a tool for fighting intensified after 1945. Nowadays, manipulation has changed when it comes to factors such as the strength of impact, range, and multitude. An important factor influencing the use of manipulation is modern technology. New environmental conditions influence the character and typology of conflicts. Changes in the environmental conditions enlarge the field of possible threats. Nowadays, we can observe that contemporary conflicts have a large complex scale, which has been extended by globalisation, the information age, advanced technologies and a new division of power in the world. Multidimensional methods of conducting modern warfare pose a threat, not only to soldiers, but also to civilians and societies as the whole. “Hybrid warfare” presents a unique combination of threats: conventional military operations, asymmetric warfare, irregular operations, terrorism, cyber threats and other tactics. “Hybrid warfare”, disinformation and manipulation blur the term of war and make it imprecise in the field of international law. The described activities require a multidimensional approach from all countries.
Authors and Affiliations
Marzena Araźna
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP706016
- DOI https://doi.org/10.5604/23008741.1189421
- Views 99
- Downloads 0
Scientific Information in the didactics of National Defence University.
Recently we have been witnesses to the creation of information society. Knowledge is becoming the most important value of the contemporary civilization. Scientific Information Centres and libraries equip their collection...
Modern assumptions of the American ballistic missile defence system against the background of historical concepts and programmes
The issue of missile defence has been present in American policy for over 70 years and is constantly subject to research and the search for new technologies. Nowadays, the proliferation of nuclear weapons and ballistic m...
From Versailles via Paris to Moscow: Strategic options and perspectives of the German Empire with a view to National Power Policy (part 1)
----------
Communiqué on the participation in the 9th International Symposium on SunTzu’s Art of War (August, 2014)
----------
Genesis, development and importance of private security companies in the provision of public safety in Poland
The author benefitted from the support of the private security sector as the Chief Officer of the City Police. When, after leaving the service, he was the President of the Polish Association of Employers Protection Branc...