Correlation between cytology and histology in cervical lesions

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Correlation between cytology and histology in cervical lesions

Journal Title: MRIMS Journal of Health Sciences - Year 2016, Vol 4, Issue 4

Abstract

Background: Cervical cancer is the most common gynecological cancer in India. It is only cancer which can be detected in the pre-cancerous state by Pap smear cytology. Objective: To study correlation between cytology and histology in cervical lesions Methods: The present study was conducted at V. S. S. Medical College, Burla from August 03 to July 04. 110 symptomatic women were included in the study. Routine gynecological examination was followed by Pap smear for cytology. A cervical scrape was taken from the squamocolumnar junction of cervix and the smear was stained according to Papanicalaou’s technique. The cytological findings were graded into normal G - I, inflammatory G – II, mild dysplasia G – III, moderate to severe dysplasia G –IV and frank cancer G – V according to the classification laid by WHO study group. In the selected cases biopsy was done after applying 3% acetic acid from ace to white area. Results: Maximum number of cases was in the age group of 31-40 years (36.3%). Most common gynecological symptoms were found to be leucorrhoea & metrorrhagia. The most common clinical lesion of cervix was hypertrophied unhealthy cervix (52.7%). Maximum number of cases showed inflammatory cytology (69%). Maximum number of cases shows chronic cervicitis (65.6%). Pap smear cytology and histology of cervical biopsy were correlated. All patients with Chr. Cervicitis on histology had G– II finding on cytology. Of 6 patients with CIN-I on biopsy, 3 had G – II cytology and 3 had G-III finding on cytology. Of 2 patients with CIN-II, both had G-IV finding on cytology. 26 cases of squamous cell carcinoma on biopsy 24 had G- V and 2 had G-IV finding on cytology. All cases of G-V and two cases of G-IV cytology were confirmed to be squamous cell carcinoma on histology. Conclusion: Pap smear cytology is a cheap, risk free and acceptable method with high degree of correlation with histology. This simple test can be used for screening of high risk population for early detection of cancer cervix.

Authors and Affiliations

Sradhanjali Maharana, K. R Mohapatra, R Panigrah

Keywords

Cytology Histology Cervical lesions

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