Cronobacter sakazakii, a New Threat: Characteristic, Molecular Epidemiology and Virulence Factors
Journal Title: Annual Research & Review in Biology - Year 2017, Vol 21, Issue 5
Abstract
Cronobacter spp. are opportunistic pathogenic bacteria that can cause different diseases through consumption of contaminated food. Cronobacter sakazakii is the most important species found in Powdered Infant Formula (PIF) and baby food. PIF is the most significant source of C. sakazakii which provides an appropriate environment for its growth and survival. Infant formula is heated during its production, although this amount of heating is not enough for sterilization and disinfection. C. sakazakii is considered a threat in all age groups. It may cause different illnesses such as meningitis, bacteraemia, sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in children. It may also cause infections in adults such as pneumonia septicemia, osteomyelitis, splenic abscesses, and wound infections. The mortality rate is high (40-80%) and the survivors suffer from severe neurological complications. Poor hygienic preparation of infant food at home or at hospitals has been reported as one of the main reasons of C. sakazakii infection. The gold standard based on FDA-recommended methods (Food and Drug Administration) for the isolation and identification of C. sakazakii obtained from powdered infant formula, is both time consuming and labor intensive.Since the rapid detection and diagnosis of this bacterium is important, new molecular methods are being used today. These methods have meaningful and significant advantages as compared to traditional methods on account of speed, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. The aim of this study is to investigate the characteristics of C. sakazakii and its molecular identification and virulence genes.
Authors and Affiliations
Afsaneh Mashoufi, Mohammad Hashemi, Kiarash Ghazvini, Majid Ghayour Mobarhan, Asma Afshari
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP314977
- DOI 10.9734/ARRB/2017/37657
- Views 109
- Downloads 0
Variability and Genetic Structure of a Natural Population of Trichoderma spp. Isolated from Different Substrates in Morocco
Ten species of Trichoderma antagonists have been collected from different ecosystems (forest soils, compost and strawberry plants) and characterized according to their molecular tools. Molecular characterization was perf...
Ontogeny of the Lim Code in the Mouse Gonads
Lim genes are developmentally regulated transcription factors involved in tissue specification and cell differentiation. Several Lim genes are present in the mammalian genome and each tissue expresses a unique pattern of...
Assessment of the Need for Cosmetic Rhinoplasty in a Nigerian Population
Background: Many individuals are affected psychologically either when they perceive a real or imagined deviation of any part of their face or when they desire the morphology of such parts to be like others. The purposes...
Threats to Red Junglefowl (Gallus gallus murghi) in Deva Vatala National Park, District Bhimber, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
Aim: The aim of this study was to document threats to Red Junglefowl (Gallus gallus murghi). Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in Deva Vatala National Park, Bhimber Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan fr...
Oesophagostomum and Other Strongylid Nematode Infections in Ruminants and Pigs in the Upper East Region of Ghana
Oesophagostomum species are strongylid nematode parasites of monkeys, sheep, goats, pigs, cattle, camels and antelopes. Human infections were considered zoonotic. Studies in the north-eastern parts of Ghana suggested tha...