CYTOLOGICAL STUDY OF NASAL SMEAR IN ALLERGIC RHINITIS
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2017, Vol 6, Issue 57
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic rhinitis is defined clinically by a combination of two or more nasal symptoms; runny nose, blocked nose, itching, and sneezing, when occur as a result of IgE-mediated inflammation following exposure to allergen. Its characteristic feature is local accumulation of inflammatory cells including T lymphocytes, mast cells, eosinophils, basophils and neutrophils. Nasal cytology is a very useful diagnostic tool in diagnosing nasal allergic disorders which allows clinicians to detect the cellular modifications of the nasal epithelium caused by exposure to either physical or chemical, acute or chronic irritations and to evaluate the different types of inflammation. Aims- 1. To study the presence of eosinophils in nasal smear of patients with Allergic Rhinitis. 2. To establish the diagnostic importance of eosinophils in nasal smear of patients with Allergic Rhinitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS This hospital-based descriptive comparative study was conducted in the Department of ENT, Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed Medical College and Hospital, Barpeta, Assam from July 2016 to April 2017 in 40 patients of allergic rhinitis diagnosed on the basis of history & clinical features typical of allergic rhinitis. A control group of 40 patients who were non-allergic were also included in the study. RESULTS Cytological evaluation of nasal smear of patients in both the study group and control group revealed that 82.5% cases in the study group had eosinophils in their nasal smear cytological examination. 95% cases in the control group had no eosinophilia. Only 2 cases i.e. 5% cases had slight eosinophilia. Histopathological examination of biopsy specimen of nasal polyp in 8 cases revealed that all the 8 cases had eosinophils of different grades in their biopsy tissues. CONCLUSION The study concluded that there exists a strong correlation between nasal smear eosinophilia and allergic rhinitis (p value less than 0.0001 which is extremely statistically significant). Nasal smear cytology is a simple, non-invasive, cost effective test to determine the presence or absence of eosinophils in allergic rhinitis and allergic nasal polyps and can be applied routinely as a reliable and inexpensive OPD tool in diagnosing allergic rhinitis where other sophisticated laboratory investigations are not readily available.
Authors and Affiliations
Bibhuti Das, Surajeet Basumatari
Keywords
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- EP ID EP226161
- DOI 10.14260/Jemds/2017/916
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