Deep Brain Stimulation: A New Era in Functional Neuroscience?
Journal Title: Journal of Neurology and Psychology - Year 2013, Vol 1, Issue 1
Abstract
Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) evolved from functional stereotactic neurosurgery techniques designed to produce selective lesions of the thalamus and cerebellum [1]. In 1952, Irving S. Cooper discovered the potential of ligation therapy when he unintentionally occluded the anterior choroidal artery, causing a medial globuspallidal infarction, which, surprisingly, alleviated rest tremor, rigidity and contralateral cogwheeling. Throughout the 1950s and 1960s, techniques for ablative procedures were refined with much focus on identifying the ideal targets. The motor thalamus and globuspallidusinternus (GPi) were considered the most effective targets [2,3]. In the 1960s, L-dopa became the standard of care for Parkinson’s disease (PD) and the popularity of ablative surgeries significantly decreased. During this time, ablative surgeries were primarily limited to thalamotomy to treat tremor and pallidotomy and thalamotomy for dystonia; they were rarely done to treat PD. However, by the 1980s, the limitations (motor fluctuations and dyskinesias) of L-dopa became apparent and ablative surgeries for PD regained popularity [1,3]. Building on the experience of ablative surgeries, stimulation procedures started to become commonplace in the management of movement disorders by the 1990s. This introduced a new era in functional neuroscience for movement disorders.
Authors and Affiliations
Lin Zhang, Laura Sperry
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP194336
- DOI 10.13188/2332-3469.1000002
- Views 111
- Downloads 0
Adaptive Behavior and Family Burden in Patau Syndrome: Case Report
The Patau syndromeis a rare autosomaltrisomy, characterized by the fetal malformations involving the central nervous system, among others. The phenotype of Patau syndrome causes impact on families by the vulnerability an...
Deep Brain Stimulation: A New Era in Functional Neuroscience?
Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) evolved from functional stereotactic neurosurgery techniques designed to produce selective lesions of the thalamus and cerebellum [1]. In 1952, Irving S. Cooper discovered the potential of li...
Silicone Granulomas in the Setting of Acupuncture with Silicone-Coated Needles
Silicone is widely used in various capacities in medicine including aesthetic and prosthetic joint implants as well as in the coating of vials, catheters, drains, shunts, and needles [1]. Silicone-coated needles have bec...
Implementing Implementation Science: Reviewing the Quest to Develop Methods and Frameworks for Effective Implementation
How to tackle the implementation of Implementation Science is the theme of this discussion. For many of us, Implementation Science itself may need some introduction. Implementation Science is an emerging science explorin...
Sex Hormones Fluctuation and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a severe psychiatric condition with an estimated global prevalence of 2-3%. In women the age of onset is bimodal with the first peak between the age of 13 and 16 years and the secon...