Degenerative Changes in Spine: A Morphological Study in Dried Vertebrae
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) - Year 2018, Vol 17, Issue 6
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Lumbar backache is one of the most common causes of chronic disability. In majority of cases the backache is associated with degeneration of intervertebral disc in the lower lumbar spine. This is an age related phenomenon that occurs in 80% of people who live for more than 50 years. The unrelenting changes associated with aging, progressively affect all the structures of spinal unit. The degenerative process starts early during the first decade of life at the disc level, finally affecting all the surrounding structures including vertebral bodies, facet joints and ligaments. OBJECTIVE: To study comprehensively the morphological changes occurring in spine due to the natural process of degeneration associated with aging. METHOD: This study was an observational study done on dried vertebrae. We included a total of 3250 number of dried vertebrae collected from osteology section of S.C.B. Medical college, Cuttack and VIMSAR, Burla and did a morphological study to see the observable changes in vertebral body, facet joints and ligaments of spine and made a comprehensive analysis of our findings. RESULTS: Significant changes like, growth of osteophytes along the margins of vertebral bodies and facet joints was a common finding. It affected all vertebrae but most commonly lumbar vertebrae. Other changes were thickening and ossification of anterior longitudinal ligament and ligamentum flavum. CONCLUSION: All the components of motion segment of spine are affected by degenerative changes which occurs secondary to degeneration of intervertebral disc. The changes were more marked in the vertebral bodies and articular facets of lumbar vertebrae compared to that of cervical and thoracic vertebrae. Out of all the ligaments, ligamentum flavum was more commonly affected by thickening and calcification. This change was most common in thoracic spine. Our findings are consistent with that of earlier studies which were done mostly in X-ray and MRI. As observable gross anatomical changes appear very late, this study will not be of much help to know the progress of the degenerative changes, rather this can only help in establishing the findings of radiological studies.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Rajashree Biswal, Dr. Mamata Sar, Dr. Sarita Behera, Dr. Dibya Prabha Bara, Dr. Arpita Soy
Keywords
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- EP ID EP375885
- DOI 10.9790/0853-1706041013.
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