DEGRADATION PROCESSES IN THE SOILS OF THE KOLODNYTSIA RIVER BASIN
Journal Title: Вісник Львівського університету. Серія географічна - Year 2017, Vol 51, Issue
Abstract
This abstract presents the results of soil degradation studies of the Kolodnytsia River basin. The basin approach is applied in soil-geographical studies. The conditions for the formation of soils are studied depending on the morphometric characteristics of the river basin and soil-bearing rocks. The analysis of the causes of the spread of degradation processes of various species, which cause soil degradation, is carried out. Particular attention is paid to the anthropogenic factor of soil degradation, which began with the development of the territory by white Croats, that is, more than a thousand years ago. To study the degradation processes in the soils of the basin of the Kolodnytsia River, the following methods were used: comparative-geographic, comparative-profile, analytical, statistical, cartographic, basin, and catena. Field studies were conducted in the after-vegetation period. Soil erosion is the most widespread degradation process in the basin of the Kolodnytsia river, which is characterized by the destruction of the soil cover, the removal, transfer and redeposition of the soil mass. Over the past decades, erosion degradation has accelerated and taken on greater dimensions. Erosion degradation caused a decrease in the thickness of the genetic profile of soils, in weakly eroded varieties by 20 cm, in moderately eroded ones by 44 cm. In cultivated soils, the structural and aggregate state deteriorates. The content of agronomically valuable aggregates in the size of 10-0,25 mm in the humus-eluvial horizon of NOT soil under the forest is 52,6 %, under arable land – 25,3 %. The structural and aggregate composition of soils is characterized as satisfactory, the structural ratio is 1,10. Water erosion not only leads to a change in the morphological characteristics and physical properties of the soil, but also to loss of humus in the soil, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients, a decrease in fertility and the like. To reduce soil degradation, it is necessary to minimize soil loading, improve the humus condition, and conserve moderately eroded soil.
Authors and Affiliations
Nadiya Lemega
Keywords
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