Depth of Cuts in Cement Stabilized Sand
Journal Title: International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention - Year 2018, Vol 7, Issue 7
Abstract
Cliffs almost vertical can be seen in clay deposits due to cohesion. This property can very well be utilized for laying services like water supply pipes, sewers etc without any external support systems. But in sand, cuts are supported externally for the above civil engineering works. When excavations have the potential to endanger lives or adjacent properties, bracing to support the soil must be designed (Nemati, 2005). Depth of cut in dry sand is zero, so for the purpose of excavation in which services pipelines or other civil engineering activity are to be carried out, then its walls are to be supported by tieback, raking system, or other systems of earth retaining. The support system generally involves the use of steel or timber or other technique. In this paper, work on the cemented sand is presented in which the laboratory tests are conducted on samples to impart slope stability quality to the sand without external support of the excavation walls. Cement is mixed at 3%, 4%, 5%, 6% and 7% of the dry weight of the silica sand and the samples were tested in the direct shear test apparatus. It is found that cohesion imparted by the cement is increased from zero of the pure sand to about 800 kPa of 7% cemented sand. The added cohesion to the sand, due to 7% cement, raises the depth of cut to about 15m according to Rankine theory of lateral earth pressure.
Authors and Affiliations
Noor Ul Amin, Zia Ul Amin, Ikram Ullah
Keywords
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