Detection of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing Escherichia coli in Neonatal Unit of a Tertiary Health Institution, South-South Nigeria
Journal Title: Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences - Year 2015, Vol 3, Issue 4
Abstract
Aims: To determine the prevalence of multidrug resistant (MDR) and Extended Spectrum β-lactamase producing (ESBL) E. coli in neonates, their mothers and healthcare workers (HCWs) in the neonatal wards of the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital (UUTH), Uyo-Nigeria. Study Design: It is a cross sectional hospital-based study involving neonates, their mothers and healthcare workers in the respective neonatal units of the hospital. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the University Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo between May and November, 2012. Methodology: The study involved 310 neonates admitted in Sick Babies’ Unit, Special Care Babies’ Unit and Neonatal ward; their mothers (168) and Healthcare Workers (35). Body sites of neonates, palms of consented mothers and healthcare workers (HCWs) in these units were swabbed. Stool samples were also collected from the neonates and their mothers. Isolation and identification of E. coli were carried out using standard microbiological procedures. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done using the modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Extended spectrum β-lactamase test was conducted using the disc diffusion synergy method following CLSI 2011 guidelines. Results: Neonatal and maternal E. coli isolates were 38(12.3%) and 82(48.8%) respectively, and HCWs, 3(48.8%). Among the neonatal and mother isolates, resistance to Amoxycillin/Clavulanic acid ranged from 1.2% - 2.6%; Ceftriaxone and Ceftazidime resistance, 29.3% - 39.5% and resistance to Cefepime, 21.1% - 25.6%. Isolates from palms of HCWs were highly resistant to all antibiotics. Fourteen neonatal strains exhibiting multidrug resistance (MDR) had 100% homologous drug combinations with 18 maternal isolates. Neonatal isolates that are ESBL producers were 15(39.5%); mothers, 26(31.7%), and HCWs, 3(100%). Conclusion: The importance of maintaining good hand hygiene by HCWs in neonatal units is highlighted in this study. There were high rates of MDR and ESBL-producing E. coli among neonates, mothers and HCWs in UUTH, Uyo. Similarities in drug combinations observed among the MDR strains obtained from subjects indicate possible transmission of E. coli from mothers and HCWs to neonates necessitating epidemiological concern. The practice of proper hygiene by mothers and HCWs should not be made optional. The high resistance strains observed may limit therapeutic options for serious neonatal infections with fatal consequences. Increased ESBL surveillance in neonatal units of hospitals is advocated.
Authors and Affiliations
I. O. Idang, A. E. Moses, A. N. Umo, E. E. Ikpeme
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP342715
- DOI 10.9734/JAMPS/2015/18742
- Views 92
- Downloads 0
Erosive Cervico-occipital Arthritis Caused by Enthesitis in a Patient with Axial Spondylathritis
Abstract: The occipito-cervical junction may be affected during the course of spondyloarthritis (SpA). However it is not usual be an inaugural manifestation of SpA. We report herein a case of axial SA in a young patient...
Role and Effectiveness of Simulation-based Training in Raising Family Medicine Residents’ Clinical Resuscitation and Critical Care Skills
Background: Family medicine (FM) physicians are bound to providing healthcare services at a variety of clinical and community settings. They should be equipped to competently handle health emergencies in a multitude of p...
Comparison of Duct Tape with Adhesive Cyanoacrylate versus Cryotherapy in the Treatment of Palmoplantar Warts
Background: Warts are common benign skin growths that appear when a virus infects the top layer of the skin. Common therapies for warts include destruction (electrodesiccation, cryotherapy, salicylic acid, laser, etc.),...
In vitro Antioxidant and Anti-bacterial Properties of a Contraceptive Herbal Mixture of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides Lam (Rutaceae) Euphorbia hirta Linn (Euphorbiaceae) and Abrus precatorius L. (Leguminosae)
Objective: The objective of this research was to evaluate, comparatively, the anti-oxidant and anti-bacteria properties of the mixture and the individual plants to ascertain if there is need for the continuous use of the...
Zidovudine-Induced Anaemia in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Children on Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy in Jos, Nigeria
Aims: To determine the incidence and severity of zidovudine-induced anaemia in HIV-infected children initiated on anti-retroviral therapy in Jos, Nigeria. Study Design: This was an observational cohort study. Place and D...