Detection of Helicobacter pylori genes (CagA and VacA) in municipal drinking water
Journal Title: Environmental Health Engineering and Management Journal - Year 2022, Vol 9, Issue 3
Abstract
Background: Helicobacter pylori is classified as a carcinogen, and it is also the most common cause of chronic bacterial infection and peptic ulcers. Approximately 45% of people are infected with the bacterium. Methods: In this study, the H. pylori genes, CagA and VacA, were investigated in drinking water, using 100 samples (50 samples from the municipal water supply and 50 samples from the effluent of household water treatment devices). DNA was extracted from colonies with a positive heterotrophic plate count (HPC) for use in molecular testing and microbial identification. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify H. pylori. Results: The study showed that 24% of urban water samples (12% above the World Health Organization [WHO] standards for safe drinking water) and 18% of home water treatment-device samples (4% above the WHO standards) were HPC-positive. The H. pylori genes, CagA and VacA, were identified in 2% of the samples from household water treatment devices and 8% of the municipal water supply samples. Conclusion: The study findings show that H. pylori may be transmitted in drinking water. However, there is currently no strong evidence that the bacteria can survive after the disinfection process in the water supply system. Therefore, the health risks of this bacterium in drinking water are still unknown.
Authors and Affiliations
Fathollah Gholami-Borujeni, Hamzeh Rahimi, Seyed Mehdi Sajjadi
Nitrogen removal by floating constructed wetland: Decontamination of the Buriganga River
Background: Buriganga is considered as one of the most important river in the country. But, its water quality has changed dramatically, which is responsible for creating unfavorable conditions for aquatic life. The mai...
Knowledge, attitude, and practice of nurse aids and service staff about nosocomial infection control: A case study in Iran
Background: Hospital-acquired infection (HAI) or nosocomial infection is a major public health concern. In this study, the status of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of service staff and nurse aids in reference...
Advanced oxidation of formaldehyde in the aqueous solutions using UVC/S2O8 2- process: Degradation and mineralization
Background: As a human carcinogen, formaldehyde is a toxic chemical imposing adverse effects on public health and environment. Due to its high reactivity, colorless nature, sustainability, purity in commercial forms, a...
Evaluation of acute phytotoxicity of raw leachate and landfill leachate using Sorghum bicolor seeds
Background: Leachate, a highly contaminated liquid, is produced by separating wastes and introducing moisture into the waste layers. Biological toxicity evaluation is a method that may be used to analyze the toxicity o...
Modeling of environmental aspects related to reverse osmosis desalination supply chain
Background: This study aimed to model optimization of strategic environmental management decisions in the operation of reverse osmosis desalination, emphasizing the costs required for the environmental protection durin...