Determination of host-associated variability in the shape of the mandible of white rice stem borer Scirpophaga innotata (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae
Journal Title: Advances in Environmental Sciences - International Journal of the Bioflux Society - Year 2011, Vol 3, Issue 1
Abstract
Host-plant modifications are known to promote high taxonomic diversity and ecomorphological disparity among its insect-herbivores. Studies on mouthpart morphology specifically the mandible are central to understanding these adaptive modifications as they are used as major feeding apparatus. In this study, mandible shape of a monophagous white rice stem borer, Scirpophaga innotata Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) which were obtained from different host-plant rice cultivars were assessed using image analysis and Elliptic Fourier techniques. Contours of the mandibles were extracted via chain-coding and principal component analyses were performed to determine patterns of shape differences. Observed variation ranges from the arrangement and length of its teeth, from the basal and external margins and the contour of the side of attachment from the body. The greatest variations accounted by the first two principal components (PC’s) are on the arrangement, length and number of its teeth which is attributable to continuous wear of the individual mandible in effect of the biochemical properties of the plant. Intra-population variation is associated with the influence of rice plant morphological characteristics associated with resistance or susceptibility to white stem borer.
Authors and Affiliations
Alma Alegre, Mark Torres, Cesar Demayo
Keywords
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