Development of a Seizure and Epileptogenesis in EL Mouse
Journal Title: Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research - Year 2016, Vol 13, Issue 7
Abstract
To elucidate the mechnisms of epileptogenesis in the EL mouse which is an excellent animal model of epilepsy. All animals (EL/Suz) were stimulated by our routine tossing-up method once a week through their lives and exibited seizures. The electric activities of the brain were recorded through implanted electrodes in the freely moving state. The following symptoms of an established seizure are observed: tiny auras, wild running, tonic convulsions, clonic convulsions, and finally, stupor repose lasting approximately 1 to 3 min. These symptoms are accompanied by major changes in paroxysmal discharges in the electro-corticogram and the electric activities of the deep brain parts. Paroxysmal activities start at the parietal cortex and are transmitted to other cortical areas. When the paroxysmal activities reach to the thalamus, hippocampus and striatum, the mouse runs; simultaneously, tonic-clonic convulsions start, for which the hippocampus plays a major role. Finally, paroxysms stop, and the animal stands still. Abortive seizures do not occur until the age of 8 weeks and only occur after routine stimulation. At that time, some small paroxysmal activities are observed in the parietal cortex. After the age of 10 weeks, a running fit appears; however, it is not necessarily observed later in life. The most remarkable symptom of epilepsy, tonic convulsion, occurs after 10 weeks of age, and clonic convulsion continues until the death of animal. A common course of onset of individual seizures and abnormal plastic formation of seizures during the lifespan of the EL mouse are observed. All individual seizures repeat the developmental process of seizures in order. This paradigm can be demonstrated by longitudinal observations of seizure symptoms and electric activities in the EL mouse brain and by life-long investigations of many animals. In conclusion one could observe all individual seizures repeat the developmental process of seizures in order by the EL mouse investigation.
Authors and Affiliations
Jiro Suzuki
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP340916
- DOI 10.9734/BJMMR/2016/23157
- Views 67
- Downloads 0
Endodontic Repair Filling Materials: A Review Article
The emergence of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) as endodontic repair filling material has generated a lot of interest due to its superior sealing ability and biocompatibility. Although MTA possesses superior sealing ab...
Catatonia as a Syndrome Characterized by GABAergic Interneuronal Dysfunction Mediated by NMDA Receptors
Efforts to elucidate the pathophysiology of catatonia have hitherto been unsuccessful largely due to its variegated clinical presentation and seemingly disparate treatment modalities. Catatonia manifests with marked beha...
The WHO FRAX Calculator with and without BMD as an Indicator of Low BMD in Pakistani Women
Aims: BMD (bone mineral density) testing facilities are still scarce in Pakistan. We evaluated the predictive ability of FRAX with BMD (FRAX+) and FRAX without BMD (FRAX-) in a set of Pakistani females to assess their ro...
Pattern of Pharmacotherapy of Patients Having Ischemic Heart Disease at a Specialized Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh: A Survey Based Study on Patients Discharged from Hospital
Aims: Study on pharmacotherapeutic pattern on cardiovascular patients is rarely done. Patient’s demography, drug usage and its clinical outcome are the basis for the assessment of cardiac treatment. The aim of this study...
Antispermatogenic Activity of Aspilia africana Methanol Leaf Extract in Male Wistar Rats
Aims: This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Aspilia africana on the reproductive activity of male Wistar rats. Place and Duration of Study: The research was carried out in the Department of Human Anatom...