DEVELOPMENT OF ADVANCED SPACE SCIENCES AFTER FIRST ARTIFICIAL SATELLITE. 60-TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE SPACE AGE
Journal Title: Aerospace Research in Bulgaria - Year 2017, Vol 29, Issue
Abstract
The development of the various space sciences has been demonstrated since the launch of the first artificial Earth’s satellite "Sputnik 1" on 04 October 1957. A number of data and characteristics for this satellite are presented in the present work. There are also the first discoveries (1957–1958) in space age – the van Allen-Vernov radiation belts of the Earth. The history of radio observation of "Sputnik 1" in the 22-day period – 04–26 October 1957, of satellite transmitter operation was presented. The first radio measurements in Bulgaria were made by Dr. G. Nestorov (later professor and correspondent member of BAS) from the Special department established at the beginning of 1957 in the Research Institute for Communications - Radio-measuring Control and Ionospheric Center – RIKIC. Dr. G. Nestorov makes measurements of the effect of Doppler and determines the height of the satellite. He finds that during the second and third week, "Sputnik 1" begins to noticeably reduce its height due to its drag and friction with the substance in the upper atmosphere. Subsequently, after 1958, optical, laser and radar observations of artificial satellites on Earth began to take place in Bulgaria. During the period 1958–1959 three observation stations were set up – in Sofia, Stara Zagora and Varna. These observations continue until 2002, when they are gradually ceased to be done due to a lack of funding and the moving of the world observation centers to a higher technological level.
Authors and Affiliations
Petar Velinov
Keywords
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- EP ID EP363255
- DOI 10.7546/AeReBu.29.18.01.13
- Views 47
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