Abstract

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAr) encephalitis is well-characterized and treatable subtype of inflammatory encephalitis. This type of encephalitis is often associated with ovarian teratoma in young women and characterized by memory deficits, seizures, confusion and psychological disturbances. In this report, we presented a case of anti-NMDAr encephalitis in a woman with a previously asymptomatic, giant posterior fossa arachnoid cyst (AC). With our report, we present our clinical approach anti-NMDAr encephalitis with challenging magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of giant AC. Also, we aim to emphasize the issue of the consideration of surgical indications and management of ACs on the basis of the presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms, misleading results of addressing to the diagnosis with only imaging studies and importance of elaboration of patient’s history and laboratory investigations.

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