Diagnostic utility of bone marrow aspiration, imprint and biopsy in evaluation of various haematological disorders
Journal Title: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CURRENT RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES - Year 2018, Vol 4, Issue 1
Abstract
Introduction: Bone marrow examination is an important tool for the diagnosis of various haematological disorders. It involves the use of bone marrow aspiration (BMA), bone marrow imprint smears (BMI) and bone marrow biopsy (BMBx). Aim: The study was conducted with an aim to compare the findings of BMA, BMI and BMBx in the evaluation of various haematological disorders. Material and methods: A prospective study was conducted to correlate the findings of bone marrow examination by different methods. The study included 50 patients, in whom bone marrow evaluation was done using all the three methods. All the observations were evaluated using simple and basic statistical tool, i.e. percentage. Results: A total of 38 cases showed positive correlation between BMA, BMI and BMBx. Maximum cases were of nutritional anemia followed by Leukemia (Both acute and chronic), Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS), Multiple Myeloma, Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP), Hypereosinophilia, Hypersplenism, NHL invasion of marrow. Of all the methods, BMBx was useful in cases of aplastic anemia and in those cases where aspiration had yielded dry tap/diluted marrow (NHL invasion of marrow, acute leukemia, chronic leukemia, nutritional anemia and Juvenile Myelomonocytic leukemia with secondary myelofibrosis). Cellular morphology was better appreciated in aspiration and imprint smears. Aspiration smears were better for assessment of iron stores as compared to imprint and biopsy. Cellularity and pattern of neoplastic infiltration was better appreciated in biopsy sections. Biopsy was also useful for the detection of fibrosis wherever required. Conclusion: Bone marrow examination is an important and useful investigation for the study of various haematological disorders. All the three methods of bone marrow examination viz. aspiration, touch imprints and biopsy are complementary to each other and advantage of one method over the other depends upon the specific disease process.
Authors and Affiliations
* Vijay Mehra, ** Babita Rani, *** Jaspreet Singh, **** Surinder Paul, ***** Pankaj Kumar, ****** Sushma Goyal
Keywords
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