DIAGNOSTICS OF CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY IN ORTHOPAEDICS AND PHYSIOTHERAPY – AN OVERVIEW OF THE MOST COMMONLY USED METHODS
Journal Title: Issues of Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, Neurophysiology and Sport Promotion-IRONS - Year 2013, Vol 4, Issue 4
Abstract
Introduction. The paper presents application of clinical neurophysiology methods for functional testing compatible with Evidence Based Medicine, which are most commonly used in orthopedics and physiotherapy to determine the source of pathology in the muscular and nervous systems and evaluation (through tests performed comparatively), the progress of surgical and conservative treatment. Methods and observation. Application of the needle electromyography is only essential when the cause of muscle pathology (myogenic or neurogenic damage) is unclear, as well as to assess the severity of muscle’s denervation which is supplied from a certain neuromer. Surface electromyography determines the degree of motor units dysfunction more in cases of neurogenic injuries origin when the test of maximal contraction is performed. This allows the estimation of proper muscle tension in terms of muscle relaxation. Electroneurography both in orthopaedics and physiotherapy plays an essential role in determining the transmission of nerve impulses in the sensory and motor fibers peripherally or at the level of the spinal nerves. Evaluation of efferent transmission from the level of motor cortex to the effector is possible by analysing the parameters of motor evoked potentials induced with the magnetic field. The study of surface electromyography recorded during maximal contraction can be related to the result of muscle strength test performed with the Lovett’s scale. Electromyography recorded during “relaxation” with increased amplitude parameter may indicate for the phenomenon of in creased muscle tension, and the results can be related to the examination with Ashwort’s scale.
Authors and Affiliations
Joanna Lipiec, Juliusz Huber, Aleksandra Kulczyk
Keywords
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