Dichromacy: Color Vision Impairment and Consanguinity in Heterogenous Population of Pakistan
Journal Title: The International Journal of Frontier Sciences - Year 2019, Vol 3, Issue 1
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Dichromacy, an X-linked recessive disorder is identified worldwide, more in males than females. In European Caucasians, its incidence is 8% in males and 0.5% in females. In India, it is 8.73% in males and 1.69% in females, and in Iran, it is 8.18% in males and 0.43% in females. Population based epidemiological data about dichromacy in different ethnic groups in Pakistan is not available. The aim of this study was to find out the population prevalence of inherited red-green dichromacy in a heterogenous population of the district of Chiniot, Punjab, Pakistan, and to determine the impact of consanguinity and ethnicity. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, boys and girls of the higher secondary schools were examined in the three tehsils of district Chiniot. Pseudoisochromatic Ishihara Test has been employed for detection of dichromacy in the study population. The sample size was calculated statistically as 260, which was expanded to 705 and divided by population density of the three tehsils. Results: Screening of 359 males and 346 females revealed 19 (5.29%) dichromat males and only 2 (0.58%) females. The study population belonged to 23 castes / isonym groups. The consanguinity found in the district of Chiniot is 84.82% and in the dichromat families, it is 85.71%, of which 52.37% are first cousin. Interpretation & Conclusion: The study has shown that the incidence of dichromacy could be reduced through genetic counselling.
Authors and Affiliations
Muhammad Shoaib Akhtar, Muhammad Aslamkhan, Mian Sahib Zar, Asif Hanif and Abdul Rehman Haris
Daily Activity Related Quality of Life in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Adults
Background: The significant reason for anguish as well as incapacity is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Activities of daily living might be relentlessly curbed among patients with COPD and appraisal needs e...
High Seropositivity of HIV, Hepatitis and Syphilis in Prisoner Blood Donors than the General Population Volunteers from the Punjab, Pakistan –A Longitudinal 13 Years Study
Background: HBV, HCV, HIV and Syphilis are leading transfusion transmitted infections. Blood donors are screened against these infectious diseases before transfusion to patients. Methods: Data of general population and...
Trends in Health Wearables
In the last decade technology has advanced tremendously in all fields and health sector is equally benefited. Healthcare is more likely known as e-health in this era of information and technology because of its advanceme...
Association of Risk Factors of Ectopic Pregnancy
Background: Ectopic pregnancy is the implantation of a fertilized ovum anywhere outside the uterine cavity. Around 95% of ectopic pregnancies occur in the Fallopian tubes. Most of these are occurring in the ampulla reg...
Factors Affecting Uptake of Routine Immunization Among Children Age 12- 23 Months in District Rahimyar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
Background: Vaccination prevents significant amount of childhood deaths around the globe. Pakistan is vaccinating children through EPI since 1978 against 10 diseases. Pakistan is facing difficulties in achieving goal o...