Domestic Violence, Cause and Consequences on Pregnancy
Journal Title: Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 9
Abstract
Domestic violence is a preventable global public health and human rights issue which affects millions of women regardless of age, economic status, race, religion, ethnicity, or educational background worldwide. Women who suffer violence undergo lifelong trauma in the form of physical injury, multiple health problems and even death. Although, women of all age group may experience intimate partner violence (IPV), but it is most common in women of reproductive age and contributes to gynaecological disorders, pregnancy complications, unintended pregnancy, and sexually transmitted infections, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Because of its increasing prevalence, adverse effect on women and child, in recent year more attention is focused on intimate partner violence in pregnancy. Health care providers mainly obstetrician–gynaecologists are in a unique position who can help the women by assessing , diagnosing and providing support for women who experience IPV because of the nature of the patient–physician relationship and the many opportunities of contact for intervention that occur during the course of pregnancy, family planning, annual examinations and other women’s health visits. This study reviews the prevalence of violence in pregnancy, risk factor associated with it and its consequences on pregnancy and baby and various strategies for its diagnosis and prevention. This is most prevalent in developing country ranging between 4% to 29% and worldwide between 1% and 70%, in the form of physical, sexual or psychological violence.[] In reviewing the main risk factors for violence in pregnancy are low socioeconomic condition, low education of both partner, unplanned pregnancy, nuclear family etc., all leading to low birth weight. Intimate partner violence screening and counselling should be a core part of women’s preventive health visits according to United states, department of Health and Human Services. Screening should be done for all women for IPV at regular intervals periodic intervals, like during obstetric care (at the first prenatal visit, at least once per trimester, and at the postpartum check-up) and , provides support, and review available prevention and referral options time to time . In many communities various resoursces are available to assist women who experience IPV. The vulnerability of violence in pregnancy and its consequences are major public health issue and call for design and implementation of better preventive strategies.
Authors and Affiliations
Archana Bharti
Keywords
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