Ecofriendly Management of Paddy Crop Residues for Sustainable Environment and Development
Journal Title: Bio-Science Research Bulletin - Year 2018, Vol 34, Issue 2
Abstract
The world-wide mechanization leads to large amount of rice crop residue or stubbles production. The management of rice (paddy) crop’s post harvested residue is done by burning, incorporation/ amalgamation, surface retention, mulching, bailing and direct removal. The farmers prefer burning of residue in field because it is cheap and less time consuming process. But it causes air pollution, smog and addition of toxic particle into the environment leads to poor air quality and hazy floating clouds. Despite some advantages like killing deleterious pests and clearing weeds from the field, the burning leads to loss of nitrogen up to 80%, phosphorus 25%, potassium 21%, sulfur 60%, soil organic matter (SOM) and increases air pollution and CO2 concentration. The incorporation of post harvested crop residues in soil by using available agricultural implements causes immobilization of inorganic nitrogen (N2). It also affects soil temperature, moisture, bulk density and pH. Therefore, Governments and scholars together regularly preparing and amending several policies to not to burn paddy crop residues and promoting management of post harvested paddy crop stubbles by environmentally safer ways. The ecofriendly methods for residues management provides a new dimension for the application of post harvested residues as bedding material for cattle, fodder (treated with NaOH, NH3, Urea, lignolytic fungi and enzymes to reduce the silica content), packaging material, fuel, biogas generator, and in paper production, mushroom cultivation, and bio-thermal power plants, for sustainable environment and development. Paddy crop residues are used as an alternative fuel source in thermal plant for electricity generation in Malaysia. The microbial degradation of crop residues in the soil can be accelerated using different amendments (paddy straw + 5% cow dung slurry, 5kg ha-1 Trichoderma harizianum, 5kg ha-1 Pleurotus sajor, nitrogen fixing and phosphorus solubilizing microorganisms in the soil) for the ecofriendly development of crop yield. Thus, sustainable use and management of paddy crop residues proved beneficial for farmers, society as well as environment by enhanced economy, soil fertility and reduced pollution level.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Sushil Kumar Upadhyay
Keywords
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- EP ID EP530966
- DOI 10.5958/2320-3161.2018.00009.3
- Views 175
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