Ecological condition of agricultural lands in Kakhovka district of Kherson region
Journal Title: «Таврійський науковий вісник» - Year 2018, Vol 103, Issue
Abstract
The article deals with the ecological condition of agricultural lands in Kakhovka district, Kherson region. This research addresses the substantiation methods for improving the fertility of agricultural land. The research reveals that the general tendency of changes in soil properties of general humus after irrigation termination is linked to the restoration of the parameters that are typical for the non-irrigated counterparts. The same result is indicated in the content of organic matter in soil. The dark chestnut soil was watered with Class II water and the restoration of humus in non-irrigated counterparts takes place over a period equal to the irrigation period. The speed and intensity of the processes depend on the properties of irrigated soils, fertilizer systems, crop rotation, and the quality of irrigation water and climate indicators. Irrigation, in most cases, complicates the ecological and reclamation condition of poorly drained soils; it enhances the mixed character of groundwater depth, its mineralization and chemical composition. According to groundwater levels, the irrigated lands are divided into 5 categories. Among the agrotechnical methods, the most important is the production structure optimization and the rotation of crops in irrigated, permanently withdrawn from irrigation and rainfed crop rotations. We should take into account not only the irrigation itself, natural and anthropogenic environmental changes, but also specialization of farms and rented farmlands. We recommend various structures of cropped areas and crop rotations under irrigation with fresh and mineralized waters in the steppe zone on farms of different specialization. In this case, the crop rotation must include 2–3 fields with perennial and cereal grasses, fallow fields, leguminous, salt and solonetz resistant crops, root crops, cereal crops. Special crop rotations with soil protection are recommended for strongly saline soils and alkaline soils (ex. salt marshes, saline soils).
Authors and Affiliations
В. В. Приймак, В. О. Димов
Keywords
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